针灸治疗特发性面神经麻痹的研究进展

Research Progress on Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment of Idiopathic Facial Nerve Palsy

摘要: 特发性面神经麻痹是临床常见的急性周围性面神经疾病，以单侧面部表情肌瘫痪为主要特征，部分患者恢复不佳，可后遗联带运动、面肌痉挛等，严重影响生活质量。针灸作为治疗本病的优势疗法，近年来已被国内外指南逐步纳入推荐方案。本文系统回顾近年来相关文献，从病因病机认识、主要针灸治疗方案(包括毫针、电针、灸法、针药结合等)及其临床疗效、以及神经电生理与影像学评估等方面综述研究进展，旨在为临床实践与深入研究提供参考。

Abstract: Idiopathic facial nerve palsy is a common acute peripheral facial nerve disorder in clinical practice, characterized primarily by unilateral facial expression muscle paralysis. Some patients experience poor recovery and may suffer from sequelae such as synkinesis and facial muscle spasm, which severely affect their quality of life. As an advantageous therapy for this condition, acupuncture and moxibustion have been progressively incorporated into the recommended protocols by domestic and international guidelines in recent years. This article systematically reviews the recent literature, summarizing the research progress from the perspectives of understanding of etiology and pathogenesis, major acupuncture and moxibustion treatment modalities (including filiform needling, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, combined acupuncture and medication, etc.) and their clinical efficacy, as well as neuroelectrophysiological and imaging assessments, with the aim of providing reference for clinical practice and further research.