中医护理适宜技术在骨科围手术期快速康复中的应用进展
Application Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Appropriate Techniques in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery during the Perioperative Period of Orthopedics
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1682927, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 郑 瑶, 陈 福, 李荣光, 王美福, 邓 美, 杜晓明*：成都中医药大学附属眉山医院，眉山市中医医院骨科二，四川 眉山
关键词: 中医护理；适宜技术；骨科；围手术期；加速康复外科；Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing； Appropriate Techniques； Orthopedics； Perioperative Period； Enhanced Recovery after Surgery
摘要: 加速康复外科(Enhanced Recovery after Surgery, ERAS)是在循证医学基础上形成的围手术期综合管理理念，强调通过多学科协作优化诊疗与护理流程，以降低手术应激反应、减少术后并发症并促进患者功能恢复。骨科围手术期患者常存在术后疼痛、活动受限、胃肠功能恢复延迟、睡眠障碍、焦虑、患肢肿胀及功能锻炼依从性不足等问题，传统常规护理模式在满足患者多维康复需求方面仍存在一定局限。中医护理适宜技术具有整体调护、辨证施护、操作相对简便及患者接受度较高等特点，可作为骨科ERAS护理路径的重要补充。本文从骨科围手术期快速康复护理需求、中医护理适宜技术的政策与专业基础、主要应用环节、质量安全问题及发展方向等方面进行综述，以期为中医医院骨科围手术期护理路径优化、专科护理方案制定及中医护理适宜技术规范化应用提供参考。在此基础上，本文进一步汇总TKA及关节置换围手术期中医护理适宜技术的关键临床研究证据，比较不同研究结果及其方法学局限，并构建示例性的“TKA术后中医护理–ERAS整合路径”，以增强综述的临床转化价值。
Abstract: Enhanced Recovery after Surgery is an evidence-based perioperative management concept that emphasizes multidisciplinary collaboration to optimize diagnosis, treatment and nursing processes, reduce surgical stress responses, decrease postoperative complications and promote functional re-covery. Orthopedic patients commonly experience postoperative pain, limited mobility, delayed gastrointestinal recovery, sleep disturbance, anxiety, limb swelling and poor compliance with func-tional exercise. Conventional nursing models still have limitations in meeting multidimensional re-habilitation needs. Traditional Chinese medicine nursing appropriate techniques, characterized by holistic regulation, syndrome differentiation-based nursing, relative simplicity and high patient ac-ceptance, may serve as an important supplement to enhanced recovery nursing pathways in ortho-pedics. This review summarizes the nursing needs of enhanced recovery in orthopedic periopera-tive care, the policy and professional basis of traditional Chinese medicine nursing appropriate techniques, major clinical application links, quality and safety issues, and future development di-rections, aiming to provide references for optimizing perioperative nursing pathways and promot-ing standardized application of traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques in orthopedic de-partments of traditional Chinese medicine hospitals. In addition, key clinical studies of traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques in total knee arthroplasty are critically compared, and an il-lustrative integrated TCM nursing-ERAS pathway is proposed to enhance clinical translation.
文章引用：郑瑶, 陈福, 李荣光, 王美福, 邓美, 杜晓明. 中医护理适宜技术在骨科围手术期快速康复中的应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(8): 1491-1499. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1682927

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