共享经济模式下滴滴出行的盈利困境与对策分析

Analysis of Profitability Dilemma and Countermeasures for Didi Chuxing in the Sharing Economy Model

摘要: 在共享经济快速渗透的背景下，滴滴出行作为国内网约车行业的龙头企业，依托“共享闲置运力、匹配供需资源”的核心逻辑，快速占据市场主导地位，但长期以来始终面临盈利难题。本文以共享经济的资源共享、高效匹配、低成本运营等核心特征为切入点，运用平台生态系统理论、资源基础观和制度理论构建分析框架，结合滴滴出行2024~2025年的经营数据，系统分析其在营收结构、成本控制、市场竞争、政策监管等方面面临的盈利困境，并从平台、司机、用户和监管部门多方视角剖析困境成因，提出针对性对策建议，为滴滴出行及同类共享出行平台实现可持续盈利提供参考。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of rapid sharing economy penetration, Didi Chuxing has emerged as China’s leading ride-hailing platform through its core strategy of “sharing idle transportation resources and matching supply-demand dynamics,” swiftly establishing market dominance. However, the company has long grappled with profitability challenges. This paper takes the core characteristics of the sharing economy, such as resource sharing, efficient matching, and low-cost operation, as its starting point. It uses platform ecosystem theory, resource-based view, and institutional theory to construct an analytical framework. Combining Didi Chuxing’s operating data from 2024 to 2025, it systematically analyzes the profitability dilemma it faces in terms of revenue structure, cost control, market competition, and policy supervision. Furthermore, it analyzes the causes of these dilemmas from the perspectives of the platform, drivers, users, and regulatory authorities, and proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions to provide a reference for Didi Chuxing and similar ride-sharing platforms to achieve sustainable profitability.