西南地区不同类型干旱下VCI的监测适用性对比评估
Comparative Assessment of the Applicability of VCI for Drought Monitoring under Different Drought Types in Southwest China
DOI: 10.12677/gser.2026.154059, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 王 欣, 李谢辉*：成都信息工程大学大气科学学院，四川 成都
关键词: 干旱监测；植被状态指数(VCI)；西南地区；适用性评估；不同干旱类型；Drought Monitoring； VCI； Southwest China； Applicability Assessment； Different Drought Types
摘要: 全球气候变化背景下，中国西南地区干旱频发，制约区域农业与生态发展。植被状态指数(Vegetation Condition Index, VCI)是常用的遥感干旱监测指标，但在西南复杂地形区的适用性尚缺乏系统验证，尤其缺少对不同类型干旱的对比评估。本文基于2010~2022年MODIS遥感数据计算VCI，以SPEI为参照，结合空间分析与典型事件对比，评估了VCI在2010年降水持续亏缺型冬春连旱与2022年高温型极端干旱中的监测表现。结果表明：降水持续亏缺主导的2010年干旱中，VCI与SPEI及灾情记录高度吻合，能准确刻画干旱时空演变；高温胁迫主导的2022年干旱中，VCI整体响应偏弱，难以有效识别。空间上，VCI更适配高海拔裸地区域，而在高植被覆盖区及高温干旱场景下敏感性不足。由于单一遥感干旱指数局限明显，因此需按干旱类型与区域差异化选用或组合多指数，以提升西南地区干旱遥感监测精度。
Abstract: Under global climate change, Southwest China experiences frequent droughts that restrict regional agricultural and ecological development. The Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) is a widely used remote sensing drought monitoring indicator, yet its applicability in the complex terrain of Southwest China lacks systematic verification, particularly in comparative assessments across different drought types. Based on MODIS remote sensing data from 2010 to 2022, this study calculated VCI and, with reference to the SPEI, combined spatial analysis with typical event comparisons to evaluate the monitoring performance of VCI for the 2010 persistent precipitation-deficit autumn-winter drought and the 2022 high-temperature extreme drought. The results show that for the 2010 drought dominated by persistent precipitation deficit, VCI is highly consistent with SPEI and disaster records, accurately characterizing the spatiotemporal evolution of drought. For the 2022 drought dominated by high-temperature stress, the overall response of VCI is weak, making it difficult to effectively identify high-temperature compound droughts. Spatially, VCI performs better in high-altitude bare land areas, but shows insufficient sensitivity in densely vegetated regions and under high-temperature drought scenarios. Given the significant limitations of a single remote sensing drought index, differentiated selection or combination of multiple indices according to drought type and region is necessary to improve the accuracy of remote sensing drought monitoring in Southwest China.
文章引用：王欣, 李谢辉. 西南地区不同类型干旱下VCI的监测适用性对比评估[J]. 地理科学研究, 2026, 15(4): 645-659. https://doi.org/10.12677/gser.2026.154059

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