基于CiteSpace的土壤有机碳来源研究热点与前沿分析

Analysis of Research Hotspots and Frontiers on Soil Organic Carbon Sources Based on CiteSpace

摘要: 土壤有机碳在全球碳循环和气候变化中发挥关键作用，其来源和累积路径是理解土壤碳固存和稳定机制的重要基础。本文以2011~2026年CNKI中收录的229篇土壤有机碳来源相关文献为数据源，运用CiteSpace对发文量趋势、作者、机构、关键词和突现词等方面进行可视化分析。结果表明：(1) 该领域研究大致经历了萌芽、缓慢增长和快速增长三个阶段，2023年后发文量增势显著；(2) 安韶山、张旭东、何红波等学者与中科院系统和西北农林科技大学等机构是该领域的主要研究力量，但整体合作网络密度偏低，跨机构跨学科合作仍不充分；(3) 关键词聚类显示，研究热点聚焦土壤有机碳来源、碳累积与稳定机制、不同来源碳对气候变化和植被恢复的响应机制等角度，形成了7个主题聚类；(4) 时序演进和突现分析表明，微生物来源碳是近年来的研究热点，研究范式从单一的碳来源识别，逐步拓展到多尺度多要素耦合下的土壤碳固存与稳定机制。由于土壤碳源结构具有较强的空间异质性，未来应结合多种精细化手段，提高不同来源碳的定量精度，进一步完善不同地区的碳来源机制，并深化气候变化与植被恢复对SOC来源结构及碳汇功能的影响。

Abstract: Soil organic carbon plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and climate change, and understanding its sources and accumulation pathways is fundamental to elucidating mechanisms of soil carbon sequestration and stability. This study uses 229 publications on soil organic carbon sources indexed in CNKI from 2011 to 2026 as data sources, applying CiteSpace for visual analysis of publication trends, authors, institutions, keywords, and emerging terms. Results show: (1) research in this field has generally gone through three phases—emergence, slow growth, and rapid expansion—with a significant increase in publications after 2023; (2) scholars such as An Shaoshan, Zhang Xudong, and He Hongbo, along with institutions including the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Northwest A&F University, are key contributors, but overall collaboration network density remains low, and interdisciplinary and inter-institutional cooperation is still insufficient; (3) keyword clustering reveals that research hotspots focus on sources of soil organic carbon, carbon accumulation and stabilization mechanisms, and responses of different carbon sources to climate change and vegetation recovery, forming seven thematic clusters; (4) temporal evolution and burst detection analyses indicate that microbial-derived carbon has become a recent research hotspot, and the research paradigm has gradually shifted from identifying single carbon sources to exploring soil carbon sequestration and stability under multi-scale and multi-factor coupling. Given the strong spatial heterogeneity of soil carbon source structures, future studies should integrate multiple refined methods to improve the quantitative accuracy of different carbon sources, further refine regional carbon source mechanisms, and deepen understanding of how climate change and vegetation restoration affect SOC source composition and carbon sink functions.