“云游模型”赋能文化遗产保护与旅游融合发展研究——以北京云居寺为例

A Study on the “Cloud-Touring Model” Empowering the Integrated Development of Cultural Heritage Protection and Tourism—A Case Study of Yunju Temple in Beijing

摘要: 云居寺以房山石经、纸经等典籍资源著称，但面临区位偏远、典籍内容理解门槛较高等现实约束。研究以云居寺为个案，在文献分析与案例分析基础上提出“内容型遗产”这一分析范畴，用以刻画价值主要沉淀于文本，属于“看得见却看不懂”的遗产，并据此构建“云游模型”。该模型以数字技术为支撑，将以往“云游”研究中分散的虚拟在场、内容阐释、用户交互等维度整合为统一框架，并补入现有相关研究较少系统讨论的“保护反哺”机制。研究认为，云游模型能够通过虚拟在场、内容阐释、用户交互与保护反哺等机制，缓解云居寺在区位可达性、内容理解性与保护可持续性方面的三重制约，推动文化遗产保护与旅游融合由“实体展示依赖”转向“数字赋能协同”，可为北京全国文化中心建设背景下同类内容型文化遗产的活化利用提供参考。

Abstract: Yunju Temple is renowned for the Fangshan Stone Sutras and paper sutras, yet it faces practical constraints such as a remote location and a high threshold for understanding its scriptural content. Taking Yunju Temple as a case, this study draws on literature analysis and case analysis to propose the analytical category of “content-type heritage”, which refers to heritage whose value rests mainly on the texts it carries rather than on its outward appearance, that is, heritage that can be “seen but not readily understood”. On this basis, a “Cloud-Touring Model” is constructed. Supported by digital technologies, the model integrates four mechanisms, namely virtual presence, content interpretation, user interaction, and protection feedback, into a unified framework, and incorporates “protection feedback”, a dimension that has received limited systematic attention in existing cloud-touring studies. The study argues that the Cloud-Touring Model can respond to the triple constraints of locational accessibility, content comprehensibility, and conservation sustainability, shifting the integration of heritage protection and tourism from a reliance on physical display toward digitally enabled coordination. It thereby provides a reference for the activation and utilization of similar content-type cultural heritage against the background of Beijing’s construction as the National Cultural Center.