基于数据挖掘分析龚为义副主任医师治疗咳嗽病的用药规律

Analyzing the Medication Patterns of Deputy Chief Physician Gong Weiyi in Treating Cough Based on Data Mining

摘要: 目的：通过数据挖掘技术总结治疗咳嗽病的处方用药规律，总结归纳治疗本病的辨证思维。方法：选取2023年3月至2024年3月就诊于昆明市中医医院专家门诊本部，诊断为咳嗽病的病例处方140张，建立咳嗽病患者的数据库，利用SPSS Statistics 26.0软件进行聚类分析。结果：共纳入140例门诊病案资料，处方共140首，排名前10的中药频次从高到低为甘草、桔梗、黄芪、浙贝母、防风、白术、黄芩、枳壳、连翘、茯苓，五味偏苦、甘、辛，四气以寒、温、微温、平为主，关联规则得出甘草–浙贝母、甘草–桔梗、桔梗–浙贝母、黄芪–白术等多组核心药物组合。核心处方为：黄芪、白术、防风、柴胡、葛根、连翘、薏苡仁、桔梗、荆芥、黄芩、浙贝母、枳壳、瓜蒌皮、半夏、茯苓、陈皮、豆蔻。结论：龚为义副主任医师治疗咳嗽病以益气固表、清热化痰、宣肺止咳为主，兼顾调治脾胃，具有寒热并用、宣降并施、肺脾同治的特点。

Abstract: Objective: To summarize the prescription patterns and medication rules for treating cough using data mining technology, and to analyze the dialectical thinking underlying the treatment of this condition. Methods: A total of 140 prescriptions from patients diagnosed with cough at the expert outpatient clinic of Kunming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between March 2023 and March 2024 were selected. A database of cough patients was established, and cluster analysis were performed using SPSS Statistics 26.0 software. Results: The study included 140 outpatient cases and 140 prescriptions. The top 10 most frequently used Chinese herbs, in descending order of frequency, were: Glycyrrhiza, Platycodon, Astragalus, Fritillaria thunbergii, Saposhnikovia, Atractylodes, Scutellaria, Citrus aurantium, Forsythia, and Poria. The five flavors were predominantly bitter, sweet, and pungent, while the four natures were mainly cold, warm, slightly warm, and neutral. Association rule analysis revealed core herb combinations such as Glycyrrhiza-Fritillaria thunbergii, Glycyrrhiza-Platycodon, Platycodon-Fritillaria thunbergii, and Astragalus-Atractylodes. The core prescription included: Astragalus, Atractylodes, Saposhnikovia, Bupleurum, Pueraria, Forsythia, Coix seed, Platycodon, Schizonepeta, Scutellaria, Fritillaria thunbergii, Citrus aurantium, Trichosanthes peel, Pinellia, Poria, Tangerine peel, and Amomum. Conclusion: Deputy Chief Physician Gong Weiyi’s treatment of cough primarily focuses on replenishing qi, strengthening the exterior, clearing heat, resolving phlegm, and diffusing the lung to relieve cough, while also addressing the spleen and stomach. The treatment is characterized by the simultaneous use of cold and warm herbs, the combination of diffusion and descent, and the simultaneous regulation of the lung and spleen.