机器人导航辅助下UBE治疗腰椎滑脱合并椎管狭窄的效果分析

Effect Analysis of Robot Navigation-Assisted UBE in the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Combined with Spinal Stenosis

摘要: 腰椎滑脱合并椎管狭窄是中老年人群中高发的脊柱退行性病变，常规开放术式虽应用广泛，但组织损伤明显，恢复周期较长。在处理复杂滑脱病例时，传统单侧双通道内镜(Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy, UBE)技术常受限于螺钉植入准确性不足与复位过程控制能力较弱等问题。近年来，随着骨科手术机器人导航系统的引入并与UBE技术结合，显著提升了脊柱微创治疗的精准度，推动了该类疾病干预策略的技术革新。本文基于近年国内外前沿临床研究资料，系统梳理机器人导航辅助UBE的技术基础、病理机制、操作规范、实际疗效、当前局限及未来发展趋势，重点整合国际领先研究中的关键数据，阐明其在实现精确置钉、微创减压以及脊柱稳定性重建方面的核心价值，旨在为临床实践和技术推广提供可靠依据。

Abstract: Lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with spinal stenosis is a highly prevalent degenerative spinal disease among middle-aged and elderly populations. Conventional open surgery is accompanied by severe tissue damage and long recovery periods. When managing complex spondylolisthesis, traditional Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy (UBE) is limited by insufficient screw placement accuracy, poor controllability of reduction, and excessive radiation exposure for both surgeons and patients. The integration of orthopedic surgical robot navigation systems and UBE technology has greatly improved the precision of minimally invasive spinal surgery and promoted technological innovation for minimally invasive treatment of this disease. Based on recent domestic and international clinical studies, this paper systematically elaborates the technical principles, pathological adaptation basis, standardized surgical procedures, clinical efficacy, existing limitations and development prospects of robot navigation-assisted UBE. Core data from multi-center controlled clinical trials are summarized to clarify its clinical advantages including submillimeter accurate screw implantation, sufficient minimally invasive decompression, controllable spinal reduction and stability reconstruction, providing evidence-based references for standardized clinical application and technical popularization at primary medical institutions.