社区嵌入视角下城市老年人社会融入的困境及结构性成因分析

An Analysis of the Dilemmas and Structural Causes of Social Inclusion among Urban Older Adults from the Perspective of Community Embeddedness

摘要: 在深度老龄化的背景下，城市老年人面临“空间在场、关系离场”的社会融入困境。本文以社区嵌入为视角，对城市老年人社会融入的现实困境与结构性成因进行系统分析。研究发现，老年人面临社会交往网络萎缩、公共参与不足、支持供给乏力及身份边缘化等社会融入困境，其根源在于结构脱嵌、网络断裂、文化排斥与制度惯性四重成因的连锁作用。基于此，本文从社区公共空间亲和性、邻里互惠规范修复、老年自发组织的自主空间及社会认同与承认等四个方面，探讨老年人从“脱嵌”走向“再嵌入”的社会条件。可为基层老龄治理优化提供理论依据。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of deep population aging, urban older adults face a social inclusion dilemma of “spatial presence yet relational absence”. From the perspective of community embeddedness, this paper systematically examines the practical dilemmas and structural causes of social inclusion among urban older adults. The study identifies four inclusion barriers—shrinking social networks, insufficient public participation, inadequate support provision, and identity marginalization—rooted in the interplay of structural disembedding, network fragmentation, cultural exclusion, and institutional inertia. The paper further explores the social conditions for transitioning from disembedding to re-embedding across four dimensions: spatial affinity of community public spaces, restoration of neighborhood reciprocity norms, autonomous space for older adults’ self-organization, and social recognition. This study offers a theoretical basis for optimizing grassroots aging governance.