数字贸易对出口企业数字化转型的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Digital Trade on the Digital Transformation of Export Enterprises

摘要: 数字贸易作为数字经济时代的新型贸易形态，已成为推动企业数字化转型的重要引擎。本文基于2011~2024年中国A股上市外贸企业面板数据，实证检验了数字贸易对出口企业数字化转型的影响效应、作用机制及异质性特征。研究发现：数字贸易显著促进了出口企业数字化转型，该结论经过多项稳健性检验后依然成立。机制检验表明，数字贸易通过提升政府数字关注度和新质生产力两条路径间接促进企业数字化转型。异质性分析显示，数字贸易的促进作用在非国有企业、小规模企业、制造业企业、高科技行业企业及盈利企业中更为显著。本文为理解数字贸易与出口企业数字化转型的内在关联提供了微观证据，对深化数字贸易发展、优化政策支持、培育新质生产力、推动企业数字化转型具有重要政策启示。

Abstract: Digital trade, as a new form of trade in the digital economy era, has become an important engine driving the digital transformation of enterprises. Based on panel data of Chinese A-share listed foreign trade enterprises from 2011 to 2024, this paper empirically examines the impact, mechanisms, and heterogeneity of digital trade on the digital transformation of export enterprises. The findings reveal that digital trade significantly promotes the digital transformation of export enterprises, a conclusion that remains robust after a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis shows that digital trade indirectly promotes digital transformation through two pathways: enhancing government digital attention and fostering new quality productive forces. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that this promoting effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned, small-scale, manufacturing, high-tech, and profitable enterprises. This study provides micro-level evidence for understanding the intrinsic relationship between digital trade and the digital transformation of export enterprises, offering important policy implications for deepening the development of digital trade, optimizing policy support, cultivating new quality productive forces, and promoting the digital transformation of enterprises.