从健康建议到家庭安排：母乳喂养健康信息的接收、解释与协商

From Health Advice to Family Arrangements: The Reception, Interpretation, and Negotiation of Breastfeeding Health Information

摘要: “母乳最好”相关健康信息进入家庭日常生活后，并非必然转化为稳定的喂养行为。本文以健康传播为视角，结合家庭沟通与沟通边界管理的相关讨论，采用半结构化深度访谈法，对17位孕产妇的喂养经历进行分析，考察母乳喂养信息在数字媒介、家庭互动与喂养实践中的接收、解释和协商过程。研究发现：医疗机构宣教、数字平台内容与家庭经验共同构成女性接触母乳喂养信息的主要来源，女性会结合信息可信度、复工计划与照护条件形成具有弹性的初始喂养预期；产后恢复、睡眠状况、奶量变化、婴儿接受度等实践反馈，使既有喂养意向在实际生活中被持续评估，并推动喂养方案的阶段性调整；长辈经验、专业意见与平台信息在家庭沟通中被反复比较和核验，女性通过直接说明、选择性回应、引用专业意见及调整沟通距离等方式管理沟通边界，进而形成相对可行的照护安排。研究表明，健康传播效果不仅取决于信息是否被接受，也取决于其能否回应具体生活条件、获得家庭支持并转化为可持续的日常安排。

Abstract: Breastfeeding-related health information does not necessarily translate into stable feeding practices after entering everyday family life. Drawing on a health communication perspective and discussions of family communication and communication boundary management, this study analyzes semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 pregnant and postpartum women to examine how breastfeeding information is received, interpreted, and negotiated across digital media, family interaction, and feeding practices. The findings show that, first, medical education, digital platforms, and family experience constitute major sources of breastfeeding information. Women form flexible initial feeding expectations by considering source credibility, return-to-work plans, and caregiving conditions. Second, practical feedback, including postpartum recovery, sleep conditions, milk supply, and infants’ acceptance, continuously informs the assessment of initial plans and leads to phased adjustments among direct breastfeeding, pumping, mixed feeding, and formula feeding. Third, elders’ experience, professional advice, and platform-based information are repeatedly compared and verified in family communication. Women manage communication boundaries through direct explanation, selective responses, the use of professional advice, and the adjustment of communication settings, thereby developing relatively feasible caregiving arrangements. The findings suggest that health communication outcomes depend not only on whether information is accepted, but also on whether it responds to everyday conditions, gains family support, and can be translated into sustainable arrangements.