顺到采氨基酸水溶肥对荔枝产量与品质的影响

The Effect of Shundao Cai Amino Acid Water-Soluble Fertilizer on Litchi Yield and Quality

摘要: 针对荔枝生长发育过程中存在的落果严重与产量不稳问题，本研究以“仙进奉”和“莞香荔”两个品种的荔枝为研究对象，开展“顺到采”氨基酸水溶肥叶面喷施试验，旨在探究其对荔枝落果率、产量及果实品质的影响。试验结果表明，叶面喷施4次1000倍“顺到采”氨基酸水溶肥能在一定程度上降低“莞香荔”的累积落果率，并极显著提高两个品种荔枝的产量。其中，“仙进奉”较不喷施处理和喷清水处理分别增产16.3%和21.7%，“莞香荔”较不喷施处理和喷清水处理分别增产10.1%和18.7%。在改善果实品质方面，喷施“顺到采”氨基酸水溶肥，“仙进奉”的纵径、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量和固酸比有提高的趋势，“莞香荔”的单果重、横径、纵径和固酸比有所增加，其中单果重和横径的差异达到显著水平。“顺到采”氨基酸水溶肥能有效提高荔枝产量，并对多项果实品质指标有改善趋势，可在荔枝生产中推广应用。

Abstract: Aiming at severe fruit abscission and unstable yield of litchi, two cultivars, Xianjinfeng and Guanxiangli, were used to conduct foliar spraying trials of Shundaocai amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to explore its effects on fruit drop rate, yield and fruit quality. The results showed that four applications of 1000-fold diluted fertilizer reduced cumulative fruit drop rate of Guanxiangli and extremely significantly raised yields of both cultivars. The yield of Xianjinfeng increased by 16.3% and 21.7%, and Guanxiangli increased by 10.1% and 18.7%, compared with the non-spraying and water-spraying control, respectively. In terms of improving fruit quality, Foliar application tended to improve longitudinal diameter, total soluble solids (TSS) and sugar-acid ratio of Xianjinfeng. For Guanxiangli, single fruit weight, transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter and sugar-acid ratio increased, with single fruit weight and transverse diameter showing significant differences. Shundaocai amino acid water-soluble fertilizer effectively improves litchi yield and ameliorates multiple fruit quality parameters, and can be popularized in litchi production.