中医药治疗寒凝血瘀型子宫内膜异位症痛经的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Endometriosis-Related Dysmenorrhea Caused by Cold Stagnation and Blood Stasis with Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘要: 子宫内膜异位症是生育年龄妇女的多发病、常见病，其临床发病率约为10%~15%，且有逐年增加的趋势。西医常规治疗复发率高、不良反应明显，中医药治疗该病具有独特优势。本文系统综述中医药治疗寒凝血瘀型EMs痛经的研究进展，涵盖内治法、外治法及综合疗法。现代研究表明，中医药可通过多靶点调节炎症、激素及血管新生等环节发挥治疗效应；临床研究证实其能有效缓解疼痛、改善证候且安全性良好。

Abstract: Endometriosis (EMs) is a frequently occurring and common disease among women of childbearing age, with a clinical incidence of approximately 10% to 15% and a gradual upward trend in recent years. Conventional Western medicine treatments for this disease are associated with high recurrence rates and significant adverse reactions, while traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exhibits unique advantages in its management. This article presents a systematic review of research progress on TCM treatment for dysmenorrhea caused by EMs of Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis type, covering internal administration therapy, external therapy and comprehensive therapy. Modern research indicates that TCM exerts therapeutic effects by regulating multiple targets involved in inflammation, hormone secretion, angiogenesis and other pathological processes; clinical studies have verified that TCM can effectively relieve pain, improve clinical syndromes and has satisfactory safety.