数字经济对工业企业碳排放量的影响研究——能源消耗为中间变量

The Impact of Digital Economy on Carbon Emissions of Industrial Enterprises—The Mediating Role of Energy Consumption

摘要: 在“双碳”目标与数字经济深度融合的发展背景下，探究数字经济对工业企业碳排放的影响及作用机制，对实现产业绿色转型具有重要意义。本文以2013~2023年沪深A股上市工业企业为研究样本，构建固定效应模型，实证检验了数字经济发展对工业企业碳排放量的影响，并分析了能源消耗的中介效应以及股权性质的异质性作用。研究结果表明：数字经济发展能够显著降低工业企业碳排放强度；能源消耗在数字经济与工业企业碳排放强度之间发挥部分中介作用，即数字经济可通过抑制企业能源消耗间接减少碳排放；数字经济对非国有企业碳排放的抑制效果显著优于国有企业。本文研究揭示了数字经济影响工业企业碳排放的内在逻辑，为推动数字经济与工业低碳转型协同发展、实现“双碳”目标提供了理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the deep integration of China’s “dual carbon” goals and the digital economy, exploring the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions of industrial enterprises and its underlying mechanism holds great significance for advancing the green transformation of industries. Based on a sample of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed industrial enterprises from 2013 to 2023, this paper constructs a fixed-effects model to empirically test the impact of digital economy development on industrial enterprises’ carbon emissions, and further analyzes the mediating effect of energy consumption and the heterogeneous role of equity nature. The empirical results demonstrate that digital economy development can significantly reduce the carbon emission intensity of industrial enterprises. Energy consumption exerts a partial mediating effect between the digital economy and industrial enterprises’ carbon emission intensity; specifically, the digital economy can indirectly curb carbon emissions by restraining enterprise energy consumption. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the digital economy on carbon emissions is significantly stronger in non-state-owned enterprises than in state-owned enterprises. This study unpacks the internal logic of how the digital economy affects carbon emissions of industrial enterprises, and provides theoretical support and practical insights for promoting the coordinated development of the digital economy and industrial low-carbon transformation, as well as realizing the “dual carbon” goals.