桌面推演法在新护士应急救护培训中的研究进展

Research Progress of Desk Simulation Method in Emergency Rescue Training for New Nurses

摘要: 新护士作为医院护理队伍的新生力量，在临床护理工作中扮演着重要角色，其应急救护能力直接影响救援效果、抢救成功率以及医疗风险防控水平。新护士因入职时间短、缺乏临床经验、理论与实际衔接不畅，应急救护能力不足导致面对突发公共卫生事件、急危重症及护理不良事件时，容易出现决策不及时、处理不规范以及协调不到位等问题，因而强化新护士应急救护能力开展相应的培训是护理管理的一项课题。桌面推演法作为应急演练的重要形式，近几年来因其低成本、低风险、操作简便且不受场地限制等优势已广泛应用于军事、应急管理、教育培训等领域并取得良好效果。本文系统梳理近年来桌面推演法的核心设计及方法，重点总结其在医疗护理领域培训中的应用现状、应用模式及培训效果，分析其在新护士应急救护培训中的优势及不足，以期为新护士的应急培训方法及能力提升提供参考依据，推动桌面推演法在新护士培训规范化、常态化的应用。

Abstract: As a new force in hospital nursing teams, new nurses play a crucial role in clinical nursing work. Their emergency response capabilities directly impact rescue effectiveness, survival rates, and the level of medical risk prevention and control. Due to their short tenure, lack of clinical experience, and poor integration between theory and practice, new nurses often exhibit inadequate emergency response skills. This leads to issues such as delayed decision-making, non-standardized handling, and inadequate coordination when facing public health emergencies, critical illnesses, or adverse nursing events. Therefore, enhancing the emergency response capabilities of new nurses through targeted training is a key focus in nursing management. The tabletop exercise method, as an important form of emergency drills, has been widely adopted in recent years for its advantages of low cost, low risk, simplicity, and no venue restrictions. It has achieved favorable results in fields such as military, emergency management, and education and training. This article systematically reviews the core design and methods of the tabletop exercise method in recent years, focusing on summarizing its current application status, models, and training outcomes in the medical and nursing fields. It also analyzes its strengths and limitations in emergency response training for new nurses, aiming to provide reference for improving emergency training methods and capabilities, and to promote the standardized and routine application of the tabletop exercise method in new nurse training.