老年髋部骨折患者衰弱、肌少症与术后功能恢复护理干预研究进展
Research Progress on Nursing Interventions for Frailty, Sarcopenia and Postoperative Functional Recovery in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture
DOI: 10.12677/jcpm.2026.54268, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 彭 娇, 陈 福, 李荣光, 王美福, 杜晓明*：成都中医药大学附属眉山医院/眉山市中医医院骨科二，四川 眉山
关键词: 老年髋部骨折；衰弱；肌少症；功能恢复；护理干预；Elderly Hip Fracture； Frailty； Sarcopenia； Functional Recovery； Nursing Intervention
摘要: 老年髋部骨折是老年骨科常见的严重创伤性疾病，具有致残率高、并发症发生率高及死亡风险高等特点。随着人口老龄化进程加快，老年髋部骨折患者常合并衰弱、肌少症、营养不良、认知功能障碍、谵妄风险、跌倒风险及多病共存等问题，使围手术期护理和术后功能恢复管理复杂性显著增加。衰弱和肌少症不仅与跌倒及骨折发生密切相关，也会影响患者术后早期活动、并发症预防、康复训练依从性及生活质量。本文围绕老年髋部骨折患者衰弱与肌少症的关系、常用评估工具、护理干预策略、中西医结合护理切入点及未来研究方向进行综述，以期为老年骨科护理质量改进、专病护理路径构建及延续护理管理提供参考。同时，本文从临床可行性、评估耗时及测量学性能等维度比较常用衰弱与肌少症评估工具，并对中医护理技术的临床证据、操作规范、安全边界及推荐层级进行批判性评价。
Abstract: Hip fracture is a common serious traumatic disease in older orthopedic patients and is associated with high disability, complication and mortality risks. With the acceleration of population aging, elderly patients with hip fracture are frequently complicated with frailty, sarcopenia, malnutrition, cognitive impairment, delirium risk, fall risk and multimorbidity, which substantially increases the complexity of perioperative nursing and postoperative functional recovery management. Frailty and sarcopenia are closely associated not only with falls and fractures, but also with early postoperative mobilization, complication prevention, rehabilitation compliance and quality of life. This review summarizes the relationship between frailty, sarcopenia and postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients with hip fracture, commonly used assessment tools, nursing intervention strategies, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing approaches and future research directions, aiming to provide references for quality improvement in geriatric orthopedic nursing, construction of specialized nursing pathways and transitional care management. In addition, commonly used frailty and sarcopenia assessment tools are critically compared in terms of clinical feasibility, time burden and measurement properties, while the clinical evidence, operational requirements, safety boundaries and recommendation strength of traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques are appraised.
文章引用：彭娇, 陈福, 李荣光, 王美福, 杜晓明. 老年髋部骨折患者衰弱、肌少症与术后功能恢复护理干预研究进展[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2026, 5(4): 436-444. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2026.54268

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