中医适宜技术联合治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床研究进展

Clinical Research Progress of Combined TCM Appropriate Techniques in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

摘要: 过敏性鼻炎(AR)，归属中医学“鼻鼽”范畴，是由IgE介导的鼻黏膜慢性炎症，具有反复发作、迁延难愈的特点，严重影响患者生活。西医通过健康宣教、避免接触过敏原、药物治疗、免疫治疗和手术治疗进行干预，目前尚没有完全治愈的方案。近年来中医药事业发展迅速，对AR诊疗的相关研究已从由单一疗法探索转向中医适宜技术多元化协同施治的综合治疗方向。联合疗法遵循整体辨证、标本兼顾的诊疗理念，在本病防治中具备独特优势。基于此，本文梳理近五年相关文献，分成针药结合、针灸联用、穴位贴敷联合中药、与耳穴疗法联用以及其他联合疗法五类常用联合模式，总结中医适宜技术联合治疗过敏性鼻炎的研究进展以及指出当前该领域研究仍存在的短板，以期为未来过敏性鼻炎的临床诊疗和研究提供借鉴和参考。

Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR), classified as “Biqiu” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is an IgE-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa. Characterized by recurrent and intractable episodes, AR seriously affects patients’ quality of life. Western medicine mainly adopts health education, allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy and surgical treatment for AR intervention, yet no radical cure is available at present. With the rapid development of TCM discipline, contemporary research on AR diagnosis and treatment has gradually transformed from single therapeutic methods to diversified and synergistic comprehensive regimens of TCM appropriate techniques. Guided by the TCM core principles of holistic syndrome differentiation and simultaneous treatment of symptoms and root causes, combined TCM therapies exert unique superiority in the prevention and treatment of AR. This paper systematically reviews relevant clinical studies in the past five years and summarizes the research progress of combined TCM techniques for AR treatment. The mainstream therapeutic regimens are divided into five categories: acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture-moxibustion combination, acupoint application combined with Chinese medicine, auricular therapy combined intervention, and other compound external therapies. Meanwhile, the limitations of current studies are further analyzed, aiming to provide credible references for future clinical practice and scientific research of AR.