学校体育数字化转型的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospects of Digital Transformation in School Physical Education

摘要: 在教育强国建设与数字中国战略的双重驱动下，学校体育数字化转型已成为我国学校体育改革的核心命题。本文系统梳理了学校体育数字化转型的政策背景与理论脉络，从技术应用维度(人工智能、可穿戴设备、智慧体育平台)、教学改革维度(教学模式创新、评价体系重塑)和教师发展维度(数字素养培育)三个层面归纳了该领域的研究进展。在此基础上，剖析了当前研究中存在的四个现实困境：技术应用与教学需求的适配不足、教师数字素养的结构性短板、数据治理与伦理风险问题、数字化转型的均衡性与包容性问题。最后，面向国家战略需求与教育数字化发展趋势，提出了未来研究的重点方向，包括深化人工智能与体育教学深度融合研究、建立健全学校体育数据治理体系、关注城乡数字化均衡发展与情境化研究、推进体育教师数字素养系统性培育等，以期为学校体育数字化转型的理论研究与实践探索提供参考。

Abstract: Driven by the dual imperatives of building an education powerhouse and advancing the Digital China strategy, the digital transformation of school physical education has become a central issue in reforming physical education in China. This paper employs a literature review method to systematically examine the policy background and theoretical framework of digital transformation in school physical education, summarizing research progress across three dimensions: technological applications (artificial intelligence, wearable devices, smart sports platforms), teaching innovation (innovative teaching models, restructured assessment systems), and teacher development (digital literacy cultivation). Based on this analysis, the paper identifies four current challenges: insufficient alignment between technology application and teaching needs, structural gaps in teachers’ digital literacy, data governance and ethical risks, and issues regarding equity and inclusiveness in digital transformation. Finally, in response to national strategic demands and trends in educational digitization, the paper proposes key future research directions, including deepening the integration of artificial intelligence with physical education instruction, establishing a comprehensive data governance system for school physical education, promoting balanced digital development between urban and rural areas through context-specific research, and systematically enhancing digital literacy among physical education teachers—aiming to provide guidance for both theoretical research and practical exploration in the digital transformation of school physical education.