音乐治疗结合虚拟现实(VR)在抑郁症中的研究进展

Research Progress on Music Therapy Combined with Virtual Reality (VR) for Depression

摘要: 抑郁症(Depression)是全球范围内患病率较高的精神障碍之一，具有高复发率、高致残率及高疾病负担等特点，严重影响患者心理健康、社会功能及生活质量。近年来，随着数字医疗和非药物干预技术的发展，音乐治疗及虚拟现实(Virtual Reality, VR)技术逐渐成为抑郁症综合干预的重要研究方向。音乐治疗能够通过调节情绪、改善神经递质功能及促进心理表达缓解抑郁症状，而VR技术凭借沉浸式、多感官交互及场景构建优势，为患者提供更加真实、安全和个体化的治疗体验。已有研究表明，音乐治疗结合VR不仅能够增强患者治疗参与度，提高沉浸体验，还能够改善负性情绪、缓解焦虑水平及提升生活质量，现有研究初步显示，该联合干预模式可能有助于增强患者治疗参与度和沉浸体验，并在改善负性情绪、缓解焦虑及提升生活质量方面表现出一定潜力。然而，与传统音乐治疗相比，其优势仍需通过更大样本量、长期随访及标准化随机对照研究进一步验证。本文围绕抑郁症非药物治疗的发展现状，综述近年来音乐治疗、VR技术及二者联合干预抑郁症的国内外研究进展，总结其作用机制、临床应用及存在的问题，并对未来数字化、智能化及个体化音乐治疗的发展方向进行展望，以期为抑郁症综合治疗及数字疗法的发展提供参考。

Abstract: Depression is one of the mental disorders with high prevalence worldwide. It has the characteristics of high recurrence rate, high disability rate and high disease burden, which seriously affects the mental health, social function and quality of life of patients. In recent years, with the development of digital medical and non-drug intervention technologies, music therapy and virtual reality (VR) technology have gradually become important research directions for comprehensive intervention of depression. Music therapy can alleviate depressive symptoms by regulating emotions, improving neurotransmitter function and promoting psychological expression, while VR technology provides patients with a more realistic, safe and individualized treatment experience by virtue of immersive, multi-sensory interaction and scene construction advantages. Previous studies have shown that music therapy combined with VR can not only enhance patients “participation in treatment and improve their immersion experience, but also improve negative emotions, relieve anxiety levels and improve quality of life. Existing studies have preliminarily shown that this combined intervention model may help to enhance patients” participation in treatment and immersion experience, and show certain potential in improving negative emotions, relieving anxiety and improving quality of life. However, compared with traditional music therapy, its advantages still need to be further verified by larger sample size, long-term follow-up and standardized randomized controlled studies. This article focuses on the development status of non-drug treatment of depression, reviews the research progress of music therapy, VR technology and their combined intervention in depression at home and abroad in recent years, summarizes its mechanism of action, clinical application and existing problems, and looks forward to the future development direction of digital, intelligent and individualized music therapy, in order to provide reference for the development of comprehensive treatment of depression and digital therapy.