“听 + NP”构式语义网络的认知识解路径分析
A Study on the Cognitive Construal Paths in the Semantic Network of the “Ting (Listen) + NP” Construction
摘要: 感官动词的语义研究是语义学领域研究的议题之一，“听”属基础感官范畴，是实现“听 + NP”构式认知识解的起点，不同语义角色与之搭配可产生丰富语义。本研究首先分类讨论“听”的多义性，并基于“三域”视角深入探究“听 + NP”构式语义网络的认知识解路径。研究发现，“听 + NP”的语义基于事态场景凸显可分为四类，形成“现实事态域–认识域–言语行为域”的语义网络，原型语义“听1 + NP1”在“现实事态域”中经语义转喻识解产生听觉鉴赏义“听2 + NP2”，经过跨域映射在“认识域”下产生听觉认知义“听3 + NP3”，原型语义经过两次跨域映射在“言语行为域”识解产生听觉形式义“听4 + NP4”。本研究基于“三域”视角分析“听 + NP”构式的语义多义网络及其识解路径，是感官动词语义研究的有益尝试，帮助深度认识“听 + NP”构式语义内涵，也为“听”的相关语义研究提供研究思路和借鉴。
Abstract: The semantic study of sensory verbs is one of the research topics in the field of semantics. “ting” belongs to the basic sensory category and serves as the starting point for the construal of the “ting + NP” construction. Different semantic roles collocating with it can generate rich meanings. This study categorizes and discusses the polysemy of “ting” first and explores in depth the cognitive construal path of the semantic network of “ting + NP” construction based on the three-semantic-domain theory. The study finds that the semantics of “ting + NP”, can be divided into four types based on the salience of situational-event scenarios, forming a semantic network of CONTENT DOMAIN-EPISTEMIC DOMAIN-SPEECH-ACT DOMAIN. The prototypical meaning of “ting1 + NP1” generates the auditory appreciation meaning of “ting2 + NP2” through semantic metonymy construal in the CONTENT DOMAIN; through cross-domain mapping, it produces the auditory cognitive meaning of “ting3 + NP3” under the EPISTEMIC DOMAIN; through a twice cross-domain mapping, the prototypical meaning is construed to generate the auditory formal meaning of “ting4 + NP4” in the SPEECH-ACT DOMAIN. This study, based on the perspective of the three-semantic-domain theory, analyzes the polysemous semantic network of the “ting + NP” construction and its construal path, which is a beneficial attempt in the semantic study of sensory verbs. It helps to deeply understand the semantic connotation of the “ting + NP” construction and provides research ideas and references for related semantic studies of “ting”.
文章引用：李晓涵, 赵楠. “听 + NP”构式语义网络的认知识解路径分析[J]. 现代语言学, 2026, 14(8): 898-907. https://doi.org/10.12677/ml.2026.148855

参考文献

[1] 林正军. 英语感知动词词义衍化的认知研究[J]. 外语教学, 2011, 32(6): 11-15.
[2] 束定芳. 现代语义学[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2000.
[3] 高庆赐. 试论汉语一词多义的内部联系[J]. 中国语文, 1978(3): 184-188.
[4] 陆俭明. 现代汉语中一个新的语助词“看” [J]. 中国语文, 1959(10): 490-492.
[5] 赵彦春黄建华. 英语感官动词模块性的语义分析——认知词典论对词库的描写[J]. 解放军外国语学院学报, 2001(4): 11-14.
[6] 郑颖琦. 汉语单音节感官义类词群的语义取象及认知特性探析[J]. 四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2020(4): 159-165.
[7] 邓奇, 杨忠. 英汉感官形容词语义认知与语义功能研究——以“Cold”与“冷”为例[J]. 外语学刊, 2014(1): 47-53.
[8] 鲁志杰. 感官感知动词“V到”与“V见”的异同[J]. 汉语学习, 2018(6): 10-19.
[9] 陈辰. “看” “看见” “看到”与“看完”的语义差异探究——认知构式语法视角[J]. 外国语文, 2020, 36(4): 83-92.
[10] 杨海明, 葛丽娜. “看X”集约化表达倾向与主观性[J]. 汉语学习, 2022(3): 68-73.
[11] 刘树苓, 张美涛. 标题构式“从X看Y”的变异特征及动因[J]. 汉语学习, 2023(2): 60-71.
[12] 林正军, 杨忠. 英语感知动词词义研究的认知语义视角[J]. 外语与外语教学, 2011(5): 9-13.
[13] 刘馨蔓, 汪少华. “看 + NP”语义网络模型的认知识解路径研究[J]. 山东外语教学, 2024, 45(6): 10-20.
[14] 彭小球. 湖南益阳方言“听[th in55]”的连词用法及其构成的“听p, 都q”复句[J]. 湖南大学学报(社会科学版), 2012, 26(1): 91-95.
[15] 吴齐阳. 汉语方言“听”的虚词用法及来源[J]. 河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2020, 47(3): 130-136.
[16] Sweetser, E. (1990) From Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantic Structure. Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511620904
[17] Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980) Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago Press.
[18] Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1999) Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought. Basic Books.
[19] Kövecses, Z. (2010) Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford University Press.
[20] 中国社会科学院语言研究所. 现代汉语词典[M]. 第7版. 北京: 商务印书馆, 2016.
[21] Panther, K.U. and Thornburg, L. (1999) The Potentiality for Actuality Metonymy in English and Hungarian. In: Panther, K.U. and Radden, G., Eds., Language Arts and Disciplines, John Benjamins, 333-358.
https://doi.org/10.1075/hcp.4.19pan
[22] 张辉, 卢卫中. 认知转喻[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2010.
[23] Searle, J. (1969) Speech Acts. Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173438