中医药治疗原发性高血压的研究进展

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension

摘要: 原发性高血压是导致各种心脑血管不良事件的危险因素，现代医学以降压药为主，虽能在一定程度控制患者血压水平，但是仍然存在长期应用不良反应明显等不良反应。中医认为，原发性高血压属于“眩晕”“风眩”等范畴，中医对其病因病机、治则治法等理论依据较为丰富。笔者系统综述近年来该领域研究发现中医药治疗原发性高血压以中医内治法为主，包括辨证论治、经方、中成药等，外治法以针刺、艾灸、穴位贴敷为主，临床疗效确切，为中医药治疗本病提供更可靠依据，本文将予以总结。

Abstract: Essential hypertension acts as a risk factor for various adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Modern medicine mainly relies on antihypertensive drugs. Although such drugs can control patients’ blood pressure to a certain extent, they are accompanied by prominent adverse reactions after long-term administration. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), essential hypertension falls under the categories of “vertigo” and “wind vertigo”. TCM boasts abundant theoretical foundations concerning its etiology, pathogenesis, therapeutic principles and treatment methods. This paper systematically reviews relevant studies published in recent years. Existing research indicates that internal TCM therapies serve as the primary treatment for essential hypertension, including treatment based on syndrome differentiation, classical prescriptions and proprietary Chinese medicines. External therapies mainly cover acupuncture, moxibustion and acupoint application, all of which have proven definite clinical efficacy. This article summarizes the above contents to provide more reliable evidence for TCM treatment of this disease.