中小学教师与家长的家校协同现状研究

A Study on the Current Situation of Home-School Collaboration between Primary and Secondary School Teachers and Parents

摘要: 为落实国家协同育人政策及《家庭教育促进法》相关规定，针对贵阳市务工人员众多、各地家庭教育发展不平衡等家校共育现实困境进行分析，文中以贵阳市中小学教师及学生家长为调查对象，自主编制《贵阳市家校社协同育人现状调查问卷》(教师卷) (家长卷)作实证考察，最终获得教师有效问卷137份、家长问卷1350份，分别从认知、沟通、行动、权责四个层面梳理当地家校协同育人的真实情况。结果：1) 家校主体育人责任意识有偏差，共育共识未完全建立；2) 现有沟通方式偏狭隘、多用即时工具，较难展开深度合作性教育；3) 家长虽有参与活动的意愿但多属浅层行为，主动求知、积极配合的倾向尚不明显；4) 家校各自权责不够清晰，家长提升素养的动力弱，教师缺少指导共育的时间资源。本文梳理出当前家校共育存在的现实阻碍，能够为完善本地家校社协同育人体系、提升教师家庭教育指导工作的实际效果提供真实调研依据。

Abstract: To implement national policies on collaborative education and relevant provisions of the Family Education Promotion Law, this paper analyzes the practical dilemmas of home-school co-education in Guiyang, such as a large migrant worker population and unbalanced development of family education across regions. Taking primary and secondary school teachers and student parents in Guiyang as research subjects, this paper self-compiles two questionnaires—the Questionnaire on the Current Situation of Home-School-Community Collaborative Education in Guiyang (Teacher Version) and (Parent Version)—for empirical investigation. A total of 137 valid questionnaires from teachers and 1350 valid questionnaires from parents were collected. The paper sorts out the real status of local home-school collaborative education from four dimensions: cognition, communication, practice, and rights & responsibilities. The research results are as follows: 1) Biases exist in the awareness of educational responsibilities among home and school stakeholders, and a full consensus on collaborative education has not yet been established; 2) Existing communication channels are narrow, with instant messaging tools being the primary medium, making in-depth collaborative education difficult to carry out; 3) Although parents are willing to participate in school activities, their participation mostly remains superficial, with little tendency to take the initiative to learn and cooperate actively; 4) The respective rights and responsibilities of schools and families are not clearly defined. Parents lack motivation to improve their parenting literacy, while teachers are short of time resources to guide collaborative education. This paper sorts out the practical obstacles hindering current home-school co-education, and provides authentic research data for improving the local home-school-community collaborative education system and boosting the practical effectiveness of teachers’ guidance on family education.