基于“小学教育”迁移的航空类专业课程教学改革探索——以《飞机制造工艺学》为例

Exploration on Teaching Reform of Aviation Professional Courses Based on the Transfer of “Primary Education” Teaching Strategies—A Case Study of Aircraft Manufacturing Technology

摘要: 《飞机制造工艺学》是航空工程类专业的核心主干课程，具有知识点庞杂、工艺标准严苛、工程实践性强、理论表述抽象等特点，传统讲授式教学易导致学生学习动力不足、课堂参与度低、知识与工程实际脱节等问题。本文突破“高等教育应完全以学生自主学习为主”的固化认知，借鉴小学教育中成熟的动机激发与课堂组织经验，提炼出叙事化情境导入、阶梯式正向激励、颗粒化任务驱动三项可迁移教学技巧，并将其系统融入《飞机制造工艺学》课程的教学设计与课堂实施中。实践表明，该教学改革有效激活了课堂氛围，提升了学生的课程参与度与知识内化效率，为民航特色工科课程的教学创新提供了新的思路与可复制的实践路径。

Abstract: Aircraft Manufacturing Technology is a core course for aeronautical engineering majors, characterized by extensive knowledge points, strict process standards, strong engineering practicability and abstract theoretical expressions. Traditional lecture-based teaching easily leads to problems such as insufficient learning motivation, low classroom participation, and disconnection between knowledge and engineering practice. Breaking through the rigid cognition that higher education should entirely rely on students’ autonomous learning, this paper draws on mature experience in motivation stimulation and classroom organization from primary school education, and extracts three transferable teaching skills: narrative situational introduction, stepped positive incentive, and granular task-driven learning. These skills are systematically integrated into the teaching design and classroom implementation of Aircraft Manufacturing Technology. Practice shows that this teaching reform has effectively activated the classroom atmosphere, improved students’ course participation and knowledge internalization efficiency, and provided new ideas and replicable practical paths for teaching innovation of aviation characteristic engineering courses.