人口老龄化背景下互助性养老服务发展的困境与路径

Dilemmas and Paths for the Development of Mutual-Aid Elderly Care Services in the Context of Population Aging

摘要: 在我国人口老龄化程度持续加深的背景下，传统养老服务体系面临供给不足、结构失衡、资源分散等现实挑战，互助性养老服务具有低成本、高参与、贴近基层等优势，成为破解养老难题、完善养老服务体系的重要路径。系统梳理我国互助性养老服务的政策演进历程，深入剖析当前互助性养老服务在认知认同、资源保障、服务能力、运行机制等方面存在的现实困境，并从服务模式构建、服务阵地建设、要素保障机制、组织实施监督四个维度提出针对性实施路径，有助于推动我国互助性养老服务高质量、可持续发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of China’s continuously deepening population aging, the traditional elderly care service system faces practical challenges such as insufficient supply, structural imbalance, and scattered resources. Mutual-aid elderly care services, with their advantages of low cost, high participation, and proximity to the grassroots, have become an important path to solve the elderly care problem and improve the elderly care service system. Systematically reviewing the policy evolution of mutual-aid elderly care services in China, and deeply analyzing the current practical difficulties in cognitive recognition, resource guarantee, service capacity, and operational mechanisms of mutual-aid elderly care services, and proposing targeted implementation paths from four dimensions: service model construction, service position construction, element guarantee mechanism, and organization, implementation, and supervision, will help promote the high-quality and sustainable development of mutual-aid elderly care services in China.