居家社区养老服务体系建设现状、困境与优化对策

Current Situation, Dilemmas and Optimization Countermeasures of the Construction of Home-Based and Community-Based Elderly Care Service System

摘要: 随着我国人口老龄化进程持续加速，少子化、家庭小型化趋势日益凸显，传统家庭养老模式面临严峻挑战，居家社区养老作为“以居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为补充、医养相结合”的养老服务模式，已成为破解我国养老难题、保障老年人晚年生活质量的核心路径。本文基于我国人口老龄化发展背景，系统梳理当前居家社区养老服务体系的建设现状，深入剖析体系建设过程中存在的服务供给、资源整合、人才建设、监管机制等方面的突出困境，结合国家相关政策导向和实践经验，提出针对性的优化对策，为推动居家社区养老服务体系高质量发展、完善养老服务保障体系提供理论参考和实践借鉴。

Abstract: With the continuous acceleration of China’s aging population process, the trends of low fertility rate and family miniaturization have become increasingly prominent, and the traditional family pension model is facing severe challenges. As a pension service model based on home care, supported by community care, supplemented by institutional care, and integrated with medical and health care, home-community elderly care has become the core path to solve China’s pension problems and ensure the quality of life of the elderly. Based on the background of China’s aging population development, this paper systematically sorts out the current construction status of the home-community elderly care service system, deeply analyzes the prominent difficulties in the process of system construction, such as service supply, resource integration, talent construction, and supervision mechanism. Combined with the relevant national policy orientation and practical experience, it puts forward targeted optimization countermeasures, providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for promoting the high-quality development of the home-community elderly care service system and improving the elderly care service guarantee system.