银发经济下社区养老服务资源配置研究

Research on Resource Allocation of Community Elderly Care Services under the Silver Economy

摘要: 随着人口老龄化加深，银发经济逐渐成为推动养老服务供给转型和社会资源配置优化的重要领域。社区养老服务连接家庭养老、机构养老和社会支持体系，是老年人获得日常照料、健康管理、精神慰藉和生活支持的重要场景。本文基于公开文献、政策文本和官方统计资料，从资源配置效率、公共资金使用效果和绩效反馈机制等角度分析社区养老服务资源配置问题。梳理发现，当前社区养老服务存在需求识别不精准、服务项目同质化、城乡和区域资源配置不均、护理与社工人才不足、资金投入与服务结果反馈衔接不强、数字化服务适老性不足等问题。对此，应构建老年需求分层识别机制，推动多元资源协同配置，完善服务台账、绩效反馈和信息公开机制，提升老年人的实际获得感。

Abstract: As population aging deepens, the silver economy has become an important field for promoting the transformation of elderly care service supply and optimizing social resource allocation. Community elderly care services connect family care, institutional care, and social support systems, serving as an important setting for older adults to obtain daily care, health management, emotional support, and living assistance. Based on publicly available literature, policy texts, and official statistical data, this paper analyzes the allocation of community elderly care service resources from the perspectives of resource allocation efficiency, the effectiveness of public fund utilization, and performance feedback mechanisms. The review finds that current community elderly care services face problems such as insufficiently precise needs identification, homogenized service items, uneven urban-rural and regional resource allocation, shortages of nursing and social work professionals, weak linkage between public funding input and service outcome feedback, and insufficient age-friendly digital services. Accordingly, it is necessary to establish a classified needs identification mechanism for older adults, promote the coordinated allocation of multiple resources, improve service records, performance feedback, and information disclosure mechanisms, and enhance older adults’ sense of gain.