智能传播视角下老年群体健康信息获取困境及干预路径研究

A Study on the Dilemmas and Intervention Pathways of Health Information Acquisition among Older Adults from the Perspective of Intelligent Communication

摘要: 在健康中国战略与数字化发展背景下，老年群体成为健康信息消费重要群体，但面临智能传播环境中的健康信息获取困境。本文聚焦智能传播视角，剖析老年群体健康信息行为呈现渠道依赖、偏好情感化“去专业化”内容、信任优先情感与熟人的特征。从技术、内容、社会层面揭示算法茧房、伪科学泛滥、代际关系张力构成的三重压力，指出其引发认知疲劳、情感焦虑，最终导致健康信息回避、伪科学扩散及数字健康鸿沟固化的后果。据此提出多层协同干预路径，包括算法适老化重塑、虚假信息专项治理、老年认知赋能与情感疏导、家庭数字反哺常态化及医疗系统数字服务优化，助力老年群体跨越健康信息获取障碍，推动健康老龄化与数字社会协同发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the Healthy China strategy and digital development, older adults have become a significant group in health information consumption, yet they face dilemmas in acquiring health information within the intelligent communication environment. From the perspective of intelligent communication, this paper analyzes the characteristics of health information behavior among older adults, including channel dependence, a preference for emotionally charged and “deprofessionalized” content, and a tendency to trust information rooted in emotion and familiarity. It identifies triple pressures stemming from technological, content, and social dimensions—namely, algorithmic echo chambers, the proliferation of pseudo-science, and intergenerational relational tensions—and points out their consequences, including cognitive fatigue, emotional anxiety, and ultimately health information avoidance, the spread of pseudo-science, and the consolidation of the digital health divide. Accordingly, multi-layered collaborative intervention pathways are proposed, including algorithm age-friendly redesign, targeted governance of misinformation, cognitive empowerment and emotional counseling for older adults, normalization of family-based digital back-feeding, and optimization of digital services in the healthcare system. These pathways aim to help older adults overcome barriers to health information acquisition and promote the synergistic development of healthy aging and digital society.