浅议民航气象关键信息基础设施安全保护

A Preliminary Study on Safeguarding Critical Information Infrastructure of Civil Aviation Meteorology

摘要: 民航气象关键信息基础设施(CII)是保障国家空天安全和航班运行的核心载体。本研究针对其面临的老旧设备入网风险、数据安全威胁及业务连续性挑战，通过政策文本分析、标准逆向解构与事故案例挖掘，构建首套民航气象专属防护体系。创新提出“四横一纵”韧性防御框架(战略治理、风险管理、技术防护、运行保障四层架构与纵深防御轴)，实现风险驱动的动态防护。核心措施包括：建立气象数据多级防护机制，制定《民航气象数据分类分级指南》；部署国密算法加密敏感数据；设计“3-2-1”应急备份策略；构建业务流–威胁映射模型。实施路径强调责任具象化(AB角配置、KPI一票否决)、监管协同化(双随机渗透测试)及能力轻量化(微解决方案库)。成果为民航强国建设提供安全基线支撑，助推“四强空管”神经中枢融合。

Abstract: Civil aviation meteorological Critical Information Infrastructure (CII) serves as the cornerstone of national airspace security and flight operations. Confronting legacy equipment networking risks, data security threats, and operational continuity challenges, this study constructs the first dedicated protection framework for aviation meteorology through policy analysis, standard deconstruction, and accident jurisprudence mining. The innovative “Four Horizontal Layers and One Vertical Axis” resilience model integrates strategic governance, risk management, technical fortification, and operational assurance with deep defense capabilities. Key solutions include: establishing a multi-level data protection mechanism with Civil Aviation Meteorological Data Classification Guidelines, applying cryptographic algorithms (e.g., SM4) for sensitive data encryption, designing a “3-2-1” emergency backup strategy, and developing service-flow-threat mapping. Implementation advocates responsibility embodiment (AB-post configuration, KPI veto), regulatory collaboration (randomized penetration testing), and lightweight capacity building (scenario-based micro-solutions). This framework underpins China’s aviation power strategy and advances the integration of meteorological security into the “Four Strengths Air Traffic Management” neural hub.