乔治·斯坦纳阐释学翻译理论视角下译者主体性研究——以林语堂《浮生六记》英译本为例

A Study of Translator’s Subjectivity from the Perspective of George Steiner’s Hermeneutic Translation Theory—A Case Study of Lin Yutang’s English Translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life

摘要: 清代文人沈复的自传体散文《浮生六记》在英语世界影响深远，林语堂的英译本Six Chapters of a Floating Life为其经典译本。本文运用乔治·斯坦纳的阐释学翻译理论，从信任、侵入、吸收和补偿四个步骤出发，逐步分析林语堂英译《浮生六记》的翻译过程，考察其译者主体性在阐释运作各环节中的具体体现。研究发现，林语堂的译者主体性呈现为一种“协调性创造”，信任阶段以情感共鸣与文化使命共构文本价值，侵入阶段对传统伦理概念进行现代过滤，吸收阶段重塑汉语散文节奏并策略性移植文化意象，补偿阶段则通过隐性增补、语境铺垫与诗意再造修复阐释过程中的能量流失。这一过程性分析揭示了林语堂在忠实与再创造之间达成的动态平衡，为阐释学翻译理论在中国古典散文英译研究中的应用提供了个案参照。

Abstract: The autobiographical prose Six Chapters of a Floating Life by Shen Fu, a literatus of the Qing Dynasty, has exerted a profound influence in the English-speaking world, and Lin Yutang’s English translation, Six Chapters of a Floating Life, is regarded as its classic version. This paper employs George Steiner’s hermeneutic translation theory and, proceeding from the four steps of trust, aggression, incorporation, and restitution, analyzes the translation process of Lin Yutang’s English rendering step by step, examining how the translator’s subjectivity is concretely manifested in each phase of the hermeneutic motion. The study finds that Lin Yutang’s translator’s subjectivity presents itself as a kind of “coordinated creativity”: in the stage of trust, he co-constructs the text’s value through emotional resonance and cultural mission; in aggression, he applies a modern filter to traditional ethical concepts; in incorporation, he reshapes the rhythm of Chinese prose and strategically transplants cultural imagery; and in restitution, he repairs the loss of hermeneutic energy through implicit supplementation, contextual grounding, and poetic recreation. This process-oriented analysis reveals the dynamic equilibrium that Lin Yutang achieves between fidelity and re-creation, thereby providing a case reference for the application of hermeneutic translation theory to the study of English translations of classical Chinese prose.