“双减”政策背景下中小学课后体育服务质量提升的现实困境与推进策略

Realistic Challenges and Advancement Strategies for Enhancing After-School Sports Service Quality in K-12 Schools amid the “Double Reduction” Policy

摘要: “双减”政策推动着基础教育深层次变革，也为后续中小学课后体育服务发展带来重大契机及政策窗口期；各地以社会化方式拓展服务广度及持续性，构建起多元化课余体育服务体系；但规模扩张导致的质量滑坡已成为制约学校体育服务效能提升的关键，集中体现在教师专业水平偏低、课程单一化商业化严重、场地资源供给匮乏、缺少安全保障机制、协同治理能力薄弱等方面。本研究从“双减”的核心内涵出发，并结合对学校体育融合发展的认识，系统阐释了中小学校课后体育服务提质增效面临的困境成因。我们认为仅仅依靠量的增长不能解决问题，应该从重构教师需求关系、健全法律法规及风险管理机制、构建协作管理方式以及改革课程设置四个方面着手实现课后体育服务由“增量化覆盖”向“质效提升”的转变，由“外延式发展”向“内涵式发展”的转型。本研究旨在推动课余体育锻炼从“量”的全覆盖向“质”的提升转变，从“扩面”向“提质”跨越升级，为完善和健全基本公共服务体系以及促进青少年体质健康发展提供参考借鉴。

Abstract: The “double reduction” policy has driven profound changes in basic education and has also brought significant opportunities and policy windows for the subsequent development of sports services in secondary schools. Various regions have expanded the breadth and sustainability of services through a socialized approach, establishing a diversified after-school sports service system. However, the expansion in scale has led to a decline in quality, which has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of school sports service effectiveness. This is mainly manifested in low professional levels of teachers, severe commercialization of courses, insufficient supply of venue resources, a lack of safety guarantee mechanisms, and weak collaborative governance capabilities. This study starts from the core connotation of “double reduction” and combines the understanding of the integration of school sports development to systematically explain the causes of the difficulties faced by the improvement and enhancement of after-school sports services in primary and secondary schools. We believe that merely relying on quantitative growth cannot solve the problem. We should start from reconstructing the relationship between teachers’ demands, improving laws and regulations and risk management mechanisms, constructing collaborative management methods, and reforming the curriculum setting to achieve the transformation of after-school sports services from “increased coverage” to “quality and efficiency improvement” and from “extensive development” to “intensive development”. This study aims to promote the transformation of after-school sports exercise from “quantitative coverage” to “quality improvement,” from “expansion” to “quality enhancement,” and to provide reference and inspiration for improving and perfecting the basic public service system and promoting the healthy development of teenagers’ physical fitness.