近十年我国初中生耐力素质发展研究热点与演化趋势——基于CiteSpace可视化计量分析

Research Hotspots and Evolutionary Trends in the Development of Endurance Quality among Junior High School Students in China over the Past Decade—Based on CiteSpace Visualized Econometric Analysis

摘要: 为系统梳理2015~2025年国内初中生耐力素质领域研究脉络、热点前沿与发展规律，本文以CNKI数据库收录相关文献为样本，运用CiteSpace6.3.R1软件绘制关键词图谱、时间线图谱、研究热点突现图谱，结合国家中小学体质健康相关政策文件展开计量可视化分析。结果表明：该领域研究形成青少年人群划分、耐力素质测评、学校体育教学干预三大聚类板块；研究时序可划分为基础调研阶段、分层细化研究阶段、专项体能深化阶段；突现词显示研究重心从早期中小学生群体现状调查，逐步转向专项体能、球类有氧耐力长效干预研究。当前中国初中生耐力素质整体下滑趋势尚未完全扭转，家庭运动氛围、校园体育课时保障、体质评价体系、专项训练方案是制约耐力发展的核心因素。文末针对现存问题提出后续研究与实践改进方向。

Abstract: To systematically sort out the research context, frontier hotspots and development laws of endurance fitness among junior high school students in China from 2015 to 2025, this paper takes relevant literature collected in the CNKI database as research samples. CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software is adopted to draw keyword maps, timeline maps and burst detection maps of research hotspots. Combined with national policy documents on physical health of primary and secondary school students, a bibliometric visual analysis is carried out. The results show that three major clustering sectors have been formed in this research field: youth population classification, endurance fitness testing and evaluation, and physical education intervention in schools. The research timeline can be divided into three stages: basic investigation stage, layered and refined research stage, and specialized physical fitness deepening stage. Burst words indicate that the research focus has gradually shifted from early status surveys on primary and secondary school students to long-term intervention research on specialized physical fitness and aerobic endurance in ball games. At present, the overall declining trend of endurance fitness among junior high school students in China has not been completely reversed. Family sports atmosphere guaranteed physical education class hours in schools, physical fitness evaluation system and specialized training programs are the core restrictive factors affecting the development of endurance capacity. Finally, directions for follow-up research and practical improvement are proposed in view of the existing problems.