杭州市居民电子废弃物“以旧换新”参与意愿影响因素研究——基于制度理论与计划行为理论的实证分析

A Study on Factors Influencing Hangzhou Residents’ Willingness to Participate in Electronic Waste “Trade-In” Programs—An Empirical Analysis Based on Institutional Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior

摘要: 随着电子废弃物数量持续增长和“以旧换新”政策推进，居民参与意愿已成为影响电子废弃物回收的重要因素。本文以杭州市居民为调查对象，结合制度理论、计划行为理论，基于701份有效问卷，分析居民参与意愿的影响因素。结果表明，规制性制度对行为态度产生显著正向影响(β = 0.349, p < 0.001)；规范性制度和认知性制度均能显著提升行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制，其中认知性制度对知觉行为控制的影响最强(β = 0.565)。行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制均能促进居民参与意愿，且知觉行为控制的作用最大(β = 0.480)。此外，环境责任意识正向调节认知性制度对参与意愿的影响，即居民的环境责任意识越强，认知性制度对参与意愿的促进作用越显著。研究结果可为优化“以旧换新”政策、提升居民参与意愿和完善电子废弃物回收体系提供参考。

Abstract: With the growing volume of e-waste and the promotion of “trade-in” policies, residents’ willingness to participate has become an important factor affecting the recycling of electronic waste. Taking Hangzhou residents as the research sample, this paper integrates institutional theory and the theory of planned behavior, and analyzes the factors influencing residents’ willingness to participate based on 701 valid questionnaires. The results show that regulative institutions have a significant positive effect on behavioral attitudes (β = 0.349, p < 0.001). Normative institutions and cognitive institutions significantly improve behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, among which cognitive institutions have the strongest effect on perceived behavioral control (β = 0.565). Behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control all positively affect residents’ willingness to participate, with perceived behavioral control showing the strongest effect (β = 0.480). Furthermore, environmental responsibility awareness positively moderates the effect of cognitive institutions on willingness to participate, indicating that this effect is stronger among residents with stronger environmental responsibility awareness. The findings may provide references for optimizing “trade-in” policies, improving residents’ willingness to participate, and further enhancing the electronic waste recycling system.