辽宁省海洋渔业产业链延伸与价值链提升研究

Research on the Extension of the Marine Fishery Industry Chain and the Enhancement of the Value Chain in Liaoning Province

摘要: 辽宁省是我国北方重要的海洋渔业省份。延伸海洋渔业产业链、提升价值链，是辽宁渔业实现经济效益与生态效益统一、促进渔民持续增收的必然选择。本文基于产业链与价值链理论，利用2016~2022年辽宁省渔业总产值、水产品产量、水产品出口额等官方统计数据，运用灰色关联分析考察产业链各环节与渔业经济总量的关联程度，并与山东、福建两省比较。研究表明：海水养殖产量与渔业总产值的关联度最高(0.813)，海洋捕捞产量最低(0.541)，排序在不同分辨系数和无量纲化方法下基本稳定；辽宁水产品加工转化率并不低于全国平均水平，但加工结构以冷冻品等初加工产品为主；与山东、福建相比，在渔业经济总量、加工规模、出口创汇和深远海养殖装备等方面存在明显差距。需要强调，灰色关联分析揭示的是序列形态上的相关关系而非因果关系。据此，本文从生产、加工、流通品牌、产业融合、组织政策五个层面提出促进辽宁海洋渔业可持续发展的路径。

Abstract: Liaoning is an important marine fishery province in northern China. Extending the marine fishery industry chain and upgrading its value chain is essential for Liaoning to unify the economic and ecological benefits of its fishery economy and to increase fishermen’s income. Based on the theories of the industry chain and the value chain, this paper applies grey relational analysis to official statistical data from 2016 to 2022, including the gross output value of fishery, the output of aquatic products and the export value of aquatic products, so as to examine the degree of association between each link of the industry chain and the total fishery economy, and makes an inter-provincial comparison with Shandong and Fujian. The results show that the output of mariculture has the highest relational grade with the gross fishery output value (0.813), while the output of marine capture has the lowest (0.541), and this ranking is basically stable under different distinguishing coefficients and dimensionless methods. Liaoning’s conversion rate of aquatic product processing is not lower than the national average, but its processing structure is dominated by primary processed products, such as frozen products. Compared with Shandong and Fujian, Liaoning lags behind in the total fishery economy, processing scale, export earnings and deep-sea aquaculture equipment. It should be emphasized that grey relational analysis reveals correlations in the shape of data series rather than causal relationships. Accordingly, this paper proposes paths from five aspects, namely production, processing, distribution and branding, industrial integration, and organizational and policy support, to promote the sustainable development of the marine fishery in Liaoning Province.