承包人建设工程价款优先受偿权的保护与实现探究

Investigation into the Protection and Realization of the Contractor’s Priority Right to Payment for Construction Projects

摘要: 建设工程价款优先受偿权是我国为化解工程款拖欠问题设立的法定权利，对保障承包人债权与建筑工人权益至关重要。实践中，该权利与抵押权、普通金钱债权的顺位冲突频发，裁判标准存在分歧。文章结合《民法典》及相关司法解释规定，梳理优先受偿权的法律性质与三类权利的顺位裁判规则，分析权利实现的现实困境，提出完善路径，为承包人权益保障提供参考。

Abstract: The priority right of construction project payment is a statutory right established in China to address the issue of unpaid project funds, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the contractor’s claims and the rights of construction workers. In practice, conflicts frequently arise between this right and mortgage rights or ordinary monetary claims, leading to divergent adjudication standards. By examining the provisions of the Civil Code and relevant judicial interpretations, this article clarifies the legal nature of the priority right and the priority rules governing the three categories of rights, analyzes the practical challenges in realizing this right, proposes improvement measures, and provides references for protecting contractor rights.