“内卷”的词类标注与释义研究

Research on the Part‑of‑Speech Annotation and Lexical Definition of “Neijuan”

摘要: 随着互联网的普及，网络热词已经成为现代汉语中不可忽视的重要组成部分。近年来，“内卷”一词在网络与日常交际中高频使用，其语义与用法呈现出显著的动态演变特征。然而，现有汉语词典对“内卷”的释义多局限于其最初的学术渊源，未能充分反映其当代语用实际。本文基于双层词类范畴化理论，利用BCC现代汉语语料库，对“内卷”的真实分布、释义情况及词类归属进行系统调查。通过对检索到的2415条有效语料进行标注与统计，本文主张在现代汉语词典中将“内卷”处理为名动兼类词，并补充其当代义项与离合用法，以更真实地反映其语言使用现状。

Abstract: With the proliferation of the Internet, internet buzzwords have become an indispensable component of modern Chinese. In recent years, the term “neijuan” has been used with high frequency in both online and daily communication, and its semantics and usage have exhibited remarkable dynamic evolutionary features. However, existing Chinese dictionaries predominantly confine their definitions of “neijuan” to its original academic origin, failing to fully reflect its contemporary pragmatic reality. Grounded in the Two-Level Theory of Word-Class Categorization, this study conducts a systematic investigation into the actual distribution, lexical definition, and part‑of‑speech classification of “neijuan” using the BCC Modern Chinese Corpus. Based on the annotation and statistical analysis of 2415 valid retrieved tokens, this paper argues that “neijuan” should be treated as a noun‑verb multi‑category word in modern Chinese dictionaries, and that its contemporary senses and separable usages should be supplemented to more faithfully represent its current linguistic usage.