论钦州那蒙壮语nai⁵⁵的语法功能

On the Grammatical Functions of nai⁵⁵ in the Nameng Zhuang Dialect of Qinzhou

摘要: 该研究论文基于田野调查数据，对广西钦州那蒙壮语中的多功能词“nai55”进行了系统性的语法功能描写与分析。文章首先探讨了“nai55”的词性分布，指出其可作为主要动词(获得)、助动词(能够)、结构助词(得)和叹词(得/行)。其次，文章分析了其在句法层面的补语功能，即可充当动相补语(表完成)和能性补语(表可能)。接着，文章重点论述了“nai55”的句法标记功能，包括作为补语标记(连接结果、状态、能性补语)、完成体标记、被动关系标记和疑问语气标记。最后，文章从类型学视角总结了“nai55”的句法共性与个性，认为其被动标记和疑问语气标记功能是该方言点的独特之处，具有重要的类型学研究价值，为壮语方言语法研究提供了新的语料。

Abstract: This study, based on fieldwork data, provides a systematic description and analysis of the grammatical functions of the multifunctional word nai⁵⁵ in the Nameng Zhuang dialect of Qinzhou, Guangxi. The article first examines the part‑of‑speech distribution of nai⁵⁵, showing that it can function as a main verb (meaning “obtain”), an auxiliary verb (meaning “be able to”), a structural particle (equivalent to the complement marker “得” in Chinese), and an interjection (meaning “OK”/“all right”). Second, it analyzes the complement functions of nai⁵⁵ at the syntactic level, namely its use as a phase complement (marking completion) and a potential complement (marking possibility). Third, the article focuses on the syntactic marker functions of nai⁵⁵, including its roles as a complement marker (linking resultative, descriptive, and potential complements), a perfective marker, a passive marker, and an interrogative marker. Finally, from a typological perspective, the article summarizes the syntactic commonalities and peculiarities of nai⁵⁵, concluding that its functions as a passive marker and an interrogative marker are unique to this dialect and carry significant typological value, thus providing new linguistic data for the study of Zhuang dialectal grammar.