江西省蜘蛛目物种分布名录及比较分析

Species Distribution Directory and Comparative Analysis of Araneae in Jiangxi Province

摘要: 江西省地处中国东南偏中部，面积16.69万平方公里，属亚热带湿润季风气候区，其主要土壤类型为山地黄红壤和黄壤，森林覆盖率为63.1%。通过对调查标本的分析鉴定和相关文献的搜集整理，得到江西省蜘蛛目(节肢动物门：蛛形纲)物种分布名录。此名录旨在为江西省蛛形及生态学研究、蜘蛛资源的保护利用和数字技术平台搭建提供基础数据，具有重要区域性基础研究意义。该名录共记录江西省有蜘蛛49科314属838种，其中，69个为广布种、62个为适布种、316个为少见种。据分析，除皿蛛科外，其大科的属种数大小序秩状况、丰富度态势与中国、世界蜘蛛目录基本一致。同湖南、日本和中欧蜘蛛目录相比，其主要差别出现在皿蛛科、球蛛科和园蛛科中。这其中，编目修订时间和分类系统版本可能是导致等级偏离的主要原因，而区域环境特点和物种生态行为是区域差异形成的关键因素。

Abstract: Jiangxi province, whose geographical place is at the nearly cent of southeast area in China and whose total area is 16,690 square kilometers, is a big basin with a northward open and has a warm-and-waterish subtropic-seasonal-windy climate, the mostly red or red-and-yellow soil, and a rate of 63.1% forest-covering ground. Through the analysis and identification of investigation specimens and the compilation of previous research, a directory of species distribution of Araneae (Arthropoda: Arachnida) in Jiangxi province was compiled. However, it aims to provide fundamental data for the study of arachnology and ecology, the protection and utilization of spider resources and the establishment of a digital technology platform in Jiangxi province, and it holds significant importance for regional basic research. This catalog records 838 species of spiders in Jiangxi province, belonging to 49 families and 314 genera, among which 69 are widely distributed species, 62 are suitable for distribution species, and 316 are rare species. According to analysis, except for the family Linyphiidae, the size ranking status of genera and species numbers, as well as the richness trends of major families are basically consistent with China and the World Spider Catalog. Compared with the spider catalogs of Hunan, Japan, and Central Europe, the main differences are observed in the families Linyphiidae, Theridiidae, and Araneidae. Among these factors, the revision time of cataloging and the version of classification system may be the primary causes of taxonomic rank deviations, while regional environmental characteristics and species ecological behaviors are key determinants of regional differences.