银发经济高质量发展的核心要义、现实挑战和有效路径

Core Connotations, Practical Challenges and Effective Paths for the High-Quality Development of the Silver Economy

摘要: “十五五”时期(2026~2030年)是我国人口老龄化进程中具有里程碑意义的历史性转折点。第二次“婴儿潮”人口的大规模老龄化将推动中国快速步入深度老龄化社会。随着我国人口老龄化进程加速，银发经济已成为拉动内需、培育新质生产力、推动经济高质量发展的重要增长极。本文系统阐释了银发经济高质量发展的核心要义，指出其本质是从“被动保障”转向“主动赋能”的价值重构，是打破碎片化格局、构建全生命周期全链条融合发展的产业形态跃升，也是以创新驱动培育银发领域新质生产力的动力转换。然而，对照这一目标愿景，当前发展仍面临供需结构性错配、政策支持体系碎片化且协同性不强、人才短缺等现实挑战。立足“十五五”时期的新形势，推动银发经济高质量发展应着力于构建精准适配的供给体系、完善系统协同的制度体系与人才培养机制，从而实现从“规模增长”向“质量效益”的范式转型。

Abstract: The 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026~2030) marks a milestone turning point in China’s population aging process. The large-scale aging of the second baby boom generation will rapidly drive China into a deeply aging society. As population aging accelerates across the country, the silver economy has become a key growth pole for boosting domestic demand, fostering new productive forces and advancing high-quality economic development. This paper systematically elaborates on the core connotations of the high-quality development of the silver economy. Essentially, it represents a value restructuring from “passive security guarantee” to “active empowerment”, an industrial upgrading that breaks fragmented development patterns and builds an integrated industrial chain covering the entire life cycle, as well as a shift in driving forces to nurture new productive forces in the silver economy sector through innovation. Nevertheless, against this vision, its current development still faces practical challenges including structural mismatch between supply and demand, fragmented and poorly coordinated policy support systems, and a shortage of professional talents. Against the new landscape of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, to advance the high-quality development of the silver economy, efforts should be focused on establishing a precisely adapted supply system, improving a systematic and coordinated institutional framework and talent training mechanisms, so as to realize the paradigm shift from “scale expansion” to “quality and efficiency improvement”.