注意缺陷多动障碍与膳食化合物和饮食模式的关联研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Dietary Compounds and Dietary Patterns

摘要: 注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童青少年中常见的神经发育障碍，以注意缺陷和多动、冲动为核心特征，不仅对儿童自身学业和社交生活产生影响，也会给家庭氛围带来负面影响。近年来，众多学者与医生关注注意缺陷多动障碍的综合治疗和管理，其中饮食与营养方面研究发现，注意缺陷多动障碍儿童存在部分膳食化合物的缺乏或异常，而一些特定的饮食模式也与注意缺陷多动障碍核心症状之间存在密切关系。因此，本文基于国内外研究综合分析注意缺陷多动障碍儿童在矿物质、维生素和益生菌等膳食化合物方面存在的异常和补充剂治疗效果，以及特定组合的饮食模式与注意缺陷多动障碍之间的关联。本文将为注意缺陷多动障碍的临床治疗和家庭管理提供参考。

Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents, which is characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity. It not only affects children’s academic and social life, but also has a negative impact on the family atmosphere. In recent years, many scholars and doctors have paid attention to the comprehensive treatment and management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Studies on diet and nutrition have found that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have a lack or abnormality of some dietary compounds, and some specific dietary patterns are closely related to the core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, based on research at home and abroad, this paper comprehensively analyzes the abnormalities of dietary compounds such as minerals, vitamins and probiotics in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the therapeutic effect of supplements, as well as the relationship between specific dietary patterns and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This article will provide reference for the clinical treatment and family management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.