脑转移瘤对类淋巴系统功能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Brain Metastases on Glymphatic System Function

摘要: 脑转移瘤(Brain Metastases, BM)占位及瘤周水肿会破坏脑类淋巴引流通路，代谢废物堆积又会加重水肿与神经损伤，二者相互促进，影响患者预后。类淋巴系统负责清除脑内毒性物质，既往侵入性检查难以用于临床，多种无创磁共振技术可定量评估其功能，其中DKI凭借平均扩散率、平均峰度等参数，较DTI检测类淋巴损伤更为敏感。本文主要讨论脑转移瘤与类淋巴功能障碍的关联、相关影像学评估技术及现存研究局限，为后续相关机制研究与临床评估提供依据。

Abstract: Space-Occupying lesions of Brain Metastases (BM) and peritumoral edema can disrupt the drainage pathways of the brain glymphatic system. The accumulation of toxic metabolic wastes further aggravates edema and neurological damage, forming a mutually exacerbating cycle that impairs patient prognosis. The glymphatic system is responsible for clearing toxic substances in the brain. Traditional invasive examinations are not suitable for clinical application, while multiple non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging techniques can quantitatively assess its function. Among them, DKI, using parameters such as mean diffusivity and mean kurtosis, is more sensitive than DTI in detecting glymphatic impairment. This paper mainly reviews the correlation between brain metastases and glymphatic dysfunction, relevant imaging evaluation techniques, and existing research limitations, so as to provide evidence for subsequent mechanistic research and clinical evaluation.