职业教育“数字工匠”培养的价值、困境与进路

The Value, Dilemmas, and Pathways for Cultivating “Digital Craftsmen” in Vocational Education

摘要: 数智化发展对职业教育人才培养提出新要求，驱动其向“数字工匠”范式转型。研究基于技术、产业与价值的三重逻辑，剖析这一转型的内在机理。当前，职业教育受传统路径依赖制约，面临人才供给与技术迭代脱节、教学场景与生产实践分离、校企协同成本过高等结构性困境。为此，提出系统性实践路径：目标上，构建“数字素养 + 工匠精神”双核驱动的能力图谱与增值评价体系；内容上，开发“科教融汇、虚实结合”的模块化课程与数字孪生实训平台；机制上，通过实体化运作与产权共享打造“校企深度协同体”。研究旨在为职业教育培养高质量数字工匠提供理论参考与实践方案。

Abstract: The burgeoning development of digital and intelligent transformation imposes new demands on talent cultivation in vocational education, driving a paradigm shift toward “Digital Craftsmen”. Based on the triple logic of technology, industry, and value, this study elucidates the intrinsic mechanisms of this transformation. Currently, constrained by traditional path dependence, vocational education confronts structural dilemmas, including the spatiotemporal misalignment between talent supply and technological iteration, the decoupling of teaching scenarios from production practices, and the high transaction cost barriers in school-enterprise collaboration. Accordingly, this paper proposes systematic practical pathways: (1) In terms of objectives, constructing a competency spectrum and value-added evaluation system driven by the dual core of “Digital Literacy + Craftsmanship Spirit”; (2) In terms of content, developing modular curricula and digital twin training platforms that integrate science with education and virtuality with reality; and (3) In terms of mechanisms, forging a “Deep School-Enterprise Collaborative Community” through substantive operation and property rights sharing. This research aims to offer theoretical insights and practical schemes for vocational education to foster high-quality digital craftsmen.