专业学位硕士研究生培养政策工具与培养质量组态路径研究

A Study on Policy Instruments and Configurational Pathways for the Quality of Professional Master’s Education

摘要: 专业学位硕士研究生培养质量提升是学术界研究的热点，但少有研究系统探究不同类型研究生培养政策的组态效应及其具体作用路径。研究采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法，依据1587份研究生培养政策文本分析单元，构建了供给型政策工具、环境型政策工具、需求型政策工具三种政策类型的组态路径，对政策组合与专业学位硕士研究生培养状况的关联进行了系统性分析。研究表明，环境支持主导型政策工具组合对提升培养质量具有稳健效果；供给–环境互补型工具的协同组合能有效覆盖更复杂的培养场景。该研究为政府优化专业学位硕士研究生培养政策体系提供了具体路径指导，既丰富了政策工具组合理论在高等教育领域的应用，也对提升专业学位硕士研究生培养质量具有重要现实意义。

Abstract: Improving the quality of professional master’s graduate education has become a major focus in academic research, yet few studies have systematically explored the configurational effects and specific mechanisms of different types of graduate training policies. This study employs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and analyzes 1,587 policy documents as units to construct configurational pathways for three categories of policy tools: supply-oriented, environment-oriented, and demand-oriented. It systematically examines the relationship between policy combinations and the status of professional master’s graduate education. The findings indicate that policy tool combinations dominated by environmental support yield robust improvements in educational quality, while synergistic combinations of supply- and environment-oriented tools effectively address more complex training contexts. This research offers concrete guidance for governments to optimize their policy frameworks for professional master’s programs, enriches the application of policy tool combination theories in higher education, and holds significant practical implications for enhancing the quality of professional master’s graduate education.