中药熏洗法治疗混合痔术后的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Postoperative Mixed Hemorrhoids with Traditional Chinese Medicine Fumigation and Wash Therapy

摘要: 混合痔是肛肠科最常见的疾病，目前手术仍是首选治疗方式。然而，术后常伴随疼痛、创面水肿及愈合缓慢等并发症，这不仅影响了恢复进程，也加重了患者的恐惧与心理压力，亟待有效干预。当前，中药熏洗法已广泛应用于混合痔术后的日常护理中，以缓解各类术后症状。主流观点认为，中药熏洗可通过肛周皮肤及黏膜吸收，促进局部血液循环，从而预防血栓形成并抑制炎症反应。此外，若将中药熏洗与其他治疗方式联合应用，还能进一步提升整体疗效。研究旨在归纳近15年来中药熏洗法治疗混合痔术后并发症的相关文献，分析中药熏洗坐浴对于术后疼痛、水肿及创面恢复速度的研究进展。

Abstract: Mixed hemorrhoids are among the most common diseases in proctology, and surgical treatment remains the primary approach. However, postoperative complications such as pain, wound edema, and slow healing continue to pose significant challenges, these not only hinder the recovery process but also exacerbate the patient’s fear and psychological stress, necessitating effective intervention. Currently, Chinese herbal fumigation and washing therapy are widely used in daily postoperative care for mixed hemorrhoids to relieve various symptoms. The prevailing view holds that this therapy can be absorbed through the perianal skin and mucosa, stimulating local blood circulation, preventing thrombus formation, and suppressing inflammatory responses. When combined with other treatments, Chinese herbal fumigation may further enhance therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to summarize relevant literature from the past 15 years on the use of Chinese herbal fumigation in managing postoperative complications of mixed hemorrhoids, and to analyze research progress regarding its effects on postoperative pain, edema, and wound healing.