《家庭教育促进法》中父母主体责任的法律性质与功能递进

The Legal Nature and Progressive Functions of Parental Primary Responsibility under the Family Education Promotion Law

摘要: 《家庭教育促进法》第十四条明确了父母在家庭教育中的主体责任，但该术语在现行法律体系中并非一个内涵与外延明确的规范性概念。本文对《家庭教育促进法》父母家庭教育主体责任的法律性质与功能展开分析。研究认为《家庭教育促进法》中父母的主体责任规定是伦理义务的法律确认，在功能上呈现出家庭教育义务的法律确认与评价标准到父母家庭教育权宣告与明确国家支持义务的递进，是对家庭教育私有性与公共性的双重回应，这一性质与功能的厘清，为理解父母与国家在家庭教育领域的关系提供分析框架。

Abstract: Article 14 of the Family Education Promotion Law establishes the primary responsibility of parents in family education; however, this term is not a normative concept with clearly defined connotations and denotations within the existing legal system. This paper analyzes the legal nature and functions of parental primary responsibility under the Law. It argues that the provision on parental primary responsibility constitutes a legal confirmation of ethical obligation. Functionally, it exhibits a progression from the legal confirmation of family education obligations and their evaluative standards to the declaration of parental family education rights and the establishment of the state’s support obligation. This functional structure serves as a dual response to both the private and public dimensions of family education. Clarifying this nature and its functions provides an analytical framework for understanding the relationship between parents and the state in the domain of family education.