基于管理工程视角的区块链农业供应链金融运营优化决策研究

Research on Operational Optimization Decisions for Blockchain-Enabled Agricultural Supply Chain Finance from a Management Engineering Perspective

摘要: 信息不对称导致消费者信任不足和农户恶意违约，影响了农业供应链金融参与主体的决策。为此，本文从管理工程系统建模与优化决策视角出发，基于Stackelberg博弈理论，构建由电商平台与资金约束农户组成的农业供应链金融决策模型，对比分析有无区块链两种情形下电商平台和农户的最优决策，并进一步开展贷款利率和区块链应用成本的灵敏度分析。研究发现，无论是否引入区块链，电商平台和农户的最优决策均与贷款利率呈正相关。有区块链情形下，随着区块链应用成本的递增，电商平台的最优决策呈负相关，而农户的最优决策呈正相关。本文揭示了区块链技术通过信息共享与智能合约机制影响供应链金融决策的内在逻辑，体现了管理工程中系统建模、优化决策与参数分析的研究思路，为农业供应链金融参与主体的系统化决策与运营管理提供参考。

Abstract: Information asymmetry leads to insufficient consumer trust and opportunistic default by farmers, thereby affecting the decision-making of participants in agricultural supply chain finance. To address this issue, this study adopts a perspective of management engineering system modeling and optimization decision-making and develops an agricultural supply chain finance decision-making model consisting of an e-commerce platform and a financially constrained farmer based on Stackelberg game theory. The optimal decisions of the e-commerce platform and the farmer are comparatively analyzed under scenarios with and without blockchain, followed by a sensitivity analysis of the loan interest rate and blockchain application cost. The results show that, regardless of whether blockchain is introduced, the optimal decisions of the e-commerce platform and the farmer are positively correlated with the loan interest rate. Under the blockchain-enabled scenario, as the blockchain application cost increases, the optimal decision of the e-commerce platform exhibits a negative relationship, whereas that of the farmer exhibits a positive relationship. This study reveals the underlying mechanism through which blockchain technology affects supply chain finance decision-making via information sharing and smart contracts. It also reflects the management engineering approach of system modeling, optimization decision-making, and parameter analysis, providing a reference for systematic decision-making and operational management among participants in agricultural supply chain finance.