基于熵值法的舟山市定海区旅游气候条件分析

Analysis of Tourism Climate Conditions in Dinghai District, Zhoushan City Based on the Entropy Method

摘要: 利用舟山市定海区常规地面自动气象站2020~2024年逐月平均气温、相对湿度、风速等观测资料和定海站日照时数，综合计算温湿指数、风效指数和人体舒适度指数，采用熵值法赋权构建适用于定海区的旅游气象指数(TMI)模型，并对该区域旅游气象条件的时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明：(1) 温湿指数年均值处于人体舒适等级，月平均值呈现明显单峰型分布；风效指数冬夏差异显著，6月达峰值；人体舒适度指数在4~11月维持较高舒适水平。(2) 定海区旅游气象条件存在显著的季节波动特征。春末夏初(4~6月)及秋季(9~11月)为全年旅游最佳窗口期。(3) 定海区旅游气象指数呈明显的“东优西弱”分布特征。中东部地区在多时段内适宜度优于西部。

Abstract: Using monthly average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and sunshine duration data from the Dinghai District’s conventional ground-based automatic weather station in Zhoushan City (2020~2024), this study comprehensively calculated the temperature-humidity index, wind effect index, and human comfort index. The tourism meteorological index (TMI) model for Dinghai District was established using the entropy method, and the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of tourism meteorological conditions in the region were analyzed. Results show: (1) The annual mean temperature-humidity index falls within the comfortable range for humans, with monthly averages showing a distinct unimodal distribution; the wind effect index varies significantly between winter and summer, peaking in June; the human comfort index remains at a relatively high level from April to November. (2) Tourism meteorological conditions in Dinghai District exhibit significant seasonal fluctuations, with the optimal travel periods occurring in late spring to early summer (April~June) and autumn (September~November). (3) The TMI in Dinghai District displays a clear “better in the east, weaker in the west” spatial pattern, with the central and eastern regions consistently more favorable than the western areas across multiple time periods.