基于古今文献的耳鸣中医诊疗方法发掘与整理研究
Exploration and Collation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Methods for Tinnitus Based on Ancient and Modern Literature
摘要: 耳鸣是耳鼻喉科临床常见的疑难病症，中医在耳鸣诊疗方面积累了丰富的古今文献资源。文章系统梳理了从先秦至现代的耳鸣中医诊疗文献，重点发掘古代经典理论中关于耳鸣的病名沿革、病因病机、治则治法及经典方剂，整理近现代名老中医学术经验及现代临床研究成果，总结针灸、穴位注射、耳穴压豆等外治法的应用现状，并探讨中药及针灸治疗耳鸣的现代药理与神经科学机制。在此基础上，对比分析古今诊疗方法的异同，剖析当前研究中存在的辨证标准不统一、疗效评价体系局限、机制研究滞后及文献同质化等问题，提出数据挖掘、循证医学研究及综合诊疗方案优化等未来研究方向，以期为耳鸣中医诊疗的规范化、科学化发展提供文献支撑。
Abstract: Tinnitus is a common intractable disease in otorhinolaryngology. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has accumulated abundant ancient and modern literature on the diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus. This paper systematically sorts out the TCM literature concerning tinnitus from the Pre-Qin Period to the present. It mainly explores the evolution of disease names, etiologies and pathogeneses, therapeutic principles and methods, as well as classical prescriptions for tinnitus recorded in ancient canonical theories. It also collates the academic experiences of renowned senior TCM physicians in modern times and contemporary clinical research findings, and summarizes the current application status of external therapies, including acupuncture, acupoint injection, and auricular point pressing with beans. Additionally, this paper discusses the modern pharmacological and neuroscientific mechanisms of Chinese materia medica and acupuncture in treating tinnitus. On this basis, the similarities and differences between ancient and modern diagnosis and treatment approaches are compared and analyzed. Existing problems in current research are elaborated, such as inconsistent syndrome differentiation criteria, limited efficacy evaluation systems, lagging mechanism research, and homogeneous literature. Future research directions, including data mining, evidence-based medical research, and optimization of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment protocols, are proposed. This study aims to provide literature support for the standardized and scientific development of TCM diagnosis and treatment for tinnitus.
文章引用：袁浩, 曹刘, 庞锐, 唐泺, 樊利, 李祥玉, 吴小娟. 基于古今文献的耳鸣中医诊疗方法发掘与整理研究[J]. 中医学, 2026, 15(9): 47-55. https://doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2026.159482

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