漂浮疗法对国家举重运动员心率变异性的影响

Effects of Floatation Therapy on Heart Rate Variability in National Weightlifting Athletes

摘要: 目的：限制环境刺激疗法是一种将环境刺激降至最低的干预手段，广泛应用于运动治疗，帮助运动员实现身心恢复。本研究旨在探讨漂浮疗法对举重运动员心率变异性(heart rate variability, HRV)的影响。方法：28名国家级或国际级专业举重运动员(17名女性)完成了一次45分钟的漂浮治疗。此外，一名男性专业举重运动员完成了6次45分钟的漂浮治疗(个案报告)。每次漂浮治疗前后均会采集运动员们的疼痛和放松指标以及HRV参数。HRV参数包括SDNN、RMSSD、LF、HF和LF/HF，其中SDNN和LF反映交感神经活动，RMSSD和HF反映副交感神经活动。结果：全组数据显示，漂浮治疗能减轻疼痛(p < 0.001)，促进放松(p = 0.004)，降低SDNN (p = 0.012)、LF (p = 0.028)和LF/HF (p = 0.029)，增加RMSSD (p = 0.031)和HF (p = 0.046)，降低HR (p = 0.026)。女性亚组表现出类似的模式。虽然男性亚组没有表现出类似的结果，但漂浮治疗对男性运动员的影响(个案报告)与全组相似。结论：漂浮治疗可以通过使自主神经系统倾向于副交感神经状态来帮助运动员恢复。

Abstract: Objectives: Restricted environmental stimulation therapy is an intervention that minimizes stimulation from the environment, which has been widely applied in sports therapy to help athletes achieve physical and mental recovery. This study aimed to explore the effect of floatation therapy on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in weightlifting athletes. Methods: Twenty-eight (17 females) professional weightlifters with national- or international-level completed one 45-minute floatation session. Additionally, one male professional weightlifter (for case report) completed six 45-minute floatation sessions. Their perceived pain and relaxation, and HRV parameters were assessed before and after each floatation session. HRV parameters included SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF, and LF/HF, in which SDNN and LF reflect the sympathetic activity, and RMSSD and HF reflect the parasympathetic activity. Results: In the total group, floatation therapy could alleviate pain (p < 0.001), facilitate relaxation (p = 0.004), decrease SDNN (p = 0.012), LF (p = 0.028), and LF/HF (p = 0.029), increase RMSSD (p = 0.031) and HF (p = 0.046), and reduce HR (p = 0.026). The female subgroup showed the similar pattern. Although the male subgroup did not exhibit similar results, the effect of floatation therapy on the male athlete (case report) is similar to the total group. Conclusion: Floatation therapy could assist athletes’ recovery by tending the autonomic nervous system balance to a more parasympathetic state.