农村土地承包合同档案管理规范化建设路径研究

Research on Paths for Standardizing Rural Land Contract Archives Management

摘要: 农村土地承包合同档案是界定土地产权、保障农民承包经营权、化解农村土地纠纷的核心原始凭证，是深化农村土地制度改革、巩固乡村振兴成果的基础性资源。当前基层农村土地承包合同档案普遍存在制度标准碎片化、归档流程不规范、保管条件薄弱、数字化程度偏低、专业人才短缺、监督机制缺位等现实问题，难以适配土地承包延包、土地规模化流转的现代化治理需求。本文以《档案法》《农村土地承包法》为准则，依托制度主义理论、协同治理理论、资源基础理论、数字治理等理论，系统剖析基层档案管理现存短板，从制度规范、归档管理、安全保管、数字赋能、人才建设、监督考核六个维度构建全流程规范化管理体系，提出贴合基层实操的建设路径与保障对策，旨在提升农村土地承包档案管理科学化、标准化、数字化水平，为维护农村土地产权稳定、激活农村土地资源、推进乡村治理现代化提供理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: Rural land contract archives serve as core original vouchers for defining land property rights, protecting farmers’ contracted land management rights and resolving rural land disputes, as well as fundamental resources for deepening the reform of rural land system and consolidating the achievements of rural revitalization. At present, the archives of rural land contracts at the grassroots level generally face practical problems including fragmented institutional standards, non-standard filing procedures, poor storage conditions, low digitalization level, shortage of professional personnel and inadequate supervision mechanisms, which fail to meet the modern governance requirements of the extension of land contract terms and large-scale rural land transfer. Guided by the Archives Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Rural Land Contracting Law of the People’s Republic of China, this paper adopts theories such as institutionalism theory, collaborative governance theory, resource-based theory, digital governance theory and other theories to systematically analyze the deficiencies in grassroots archives management. It establishes a full-process standardized management system from six dimensions: institutional norms, filing management, secure storage, digital empowerment, talent development and supervision & assessment, and puts forward practical construction paths and supporting countermeasures suitable for grassroots operation. The research aims to improve the scientization, standardization and digitalization of rural land contract archives management, and provide theoretical support and practical reference for maintaining the stability of rural land property rights, activating rural land resources and advancing the modernization of rural governance.