安息香氧化还原串联实验探究式教学改革研究——基于标准化操作与多元过程评价的实践探索

Inquiry‑Based Teaching Reform of the Benzoin Oxidation‑Reduction Tandem Experiment—Standardized Operation and Multivariate Process Evaluation in Practice

摘要: 针对高校有机化学实验课程中“重操作轻素养、验证模式固化、安全教学薄弱、评价体系单一”等育人短板，本文以安息香氧化还原综合实验为载体，构建了完整的串联合成教学方案，并设计了“问题导入–机理探究–标准化实操–分层变量探究–多元评价”五步探究式教学流程。选取两个平行教学班开展对照教学，直接采集本实验的过程性评价数据、产物结果报告及课后问卷，从理论应用、操作规范与探究意识三个维度对比教学成效。实践表明，标准化探究课堂显著提升了学生的机理理解能力与操作规范性；60%过程性评价与40%结果性评价相结合的多元体系能切实反映学生综合素养。本方案标准化程度高，可为同类实验课程改革提供实践参照。

Abstract: Aiming at the educational deficiencies in college organic chemistry experiment courses, such as overemphasis on operational skills while neglecting comprehensive literacy, rigid verification based teaching models, insufficient safety education, and unitary evaluation systems, this paper takes the benzoin oxidation reduction comprehensive experiment as the carrier, constructs a complete tandem synthesis teaching scheme, and designs a five step inquiry based teaching process consisting of problem introduction, mechanism discussion, standardized operation, hierarchical variable exploration, and multivariate evaluation. A comparative teaching experiment is conducted between two parallel classes, and the teaching effectiveness is evaluated from three dimensions—theoretical application, operational standardization, and inquiry awareness—by directly collecting process based assessment data, product result reports, and post experiment questionnaires from this experiment. Practice shows that the standardized inquiry based classroom significantly improves students’ understanding of mechanisms and operational standardization; the multivariate evaluation system combining 60% process assessment and 40% outcome assessment can effectively reflect students’ comprehensive competencies. This scheme is highly standardized and can provide a practical reference for the reform of similar experimental courses.